Math Problem Statement

Justine is visiting Switzerland, a country known for its world-famous chocolate. Justine would like to purchase some chocolate to give to her friends as souvenirs from her trip. The Petit Chocolatier shop offers pieces of chocolate for $0.10 each, bars of chocolate for $2.00, and boxes of chocolate for $5.00. If Justine spent exactly $100.00 and purchased 100 total items, how many of each type of chocolate did she purchase?

Solution

This problem can be solved using a system of equations. Let's define variables for the number of each type of chocolate Justine buys:

  • Let xx be the number of pieces of chocolate.
  • Let yy be the number of bars of chocolate.
  • Let zz be the number of boxes of chocolate.

We have two key conditions:

  1. The total number of items purchased is 100: x+y+z=100x + y + z = 100
  2. The total amount of money spent is $100. Given the prices:
    • $0.10 per piece of chocolate,
    • $2.00 per bar of chocolate,
    • $5.00 per box of chocolate,

The total cost equation is: 0.10x+2y+5z=1000.10x + 2y + 5z = 100

Now, we can work on solving these equations. To simplify the second equation, multiply it by 10 to remove the decimal: x+20y+50z=1000x + 20y + 50z = 1000

Now we have the system of equations: 1.x+y+z=1001. \, x + y + z = 100 2.x+20y+50z=10002. \, x + 20y + 50z = 1000

We can solve this system by substitution or elimination. Let's solve for xx in terms of yy and zz using the first equation: x=100yzx = 100 - y - z

Substitute this expression for xx into the second equation: (100yz)+20y+50z=1000(100 - y - z) + 20y + 50z = 1000 Simplify: 100yz+20y+50z=1000100 - y - z + 20y + 50z = 1000 100+19y+49z=1000100 + 19y + 49z = 1000 Subtract 100 from both sides: 19y+49z=90019y + 49z = 900

Now, we can solve this equation using trial and error or algebraic methods, looking for integer solutions for yy and zz. Let's start with trial and error:

  1. If z=10z = 10: 19y+49(10)=90019y + 49(10) = 900 19y+490=90019y + 490 = 900 19y=41019y = 410 y=41019=21.58(not an integer, discard this)y = \frac{410}{19} = 21.58 \, (\text{not an integer, discard this})

  2. If z=12z = 12: 19y+49(12)=90019y + 49(12) = 900 19y+588=90019y + 588 = 900 19y=31219y = 312 y=31219=16.42(not an integer, discard this)y = \frac{312}{19} = 16.42 \, (\text{not an integer, discard this})

  3. If z=18z = 18: 19y+49(18)=90019y + 49(18) = 900 19y+882=90019y + 882 = 900 19y=1819y = 18 [ y = \frac{18}{19} = 0.95 \

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Algebra
System of Linear Equations

Formulas

x + y + z = 100 (total number of items)
0.10x + 2y + 5z = 100 (total cost equation)

Theorems

System of Equations Solving Methods (Substitution, Elimination)

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-11