Math Problem Statement
Let $F(x)$ be the real-valued function defined for all real $x$ except for $x = 1$ and $x = 2$ and satisfying the functional equation [F(x) + F \left( \frac{2x - 3}{x - 1} \right) = x.]Find the function $F(x)$ satisfying these conditions. Write $F(x)$ as a rational function with expanded polynomials in the numerator and denominator.
Solution
To find the function that satisfies the functional equation
we first define a transformation . We need to explore the properties of to better understand how it interacts with the function .
First, simplify :
Next, we find the inverse of . To do this, we set and solve for in terms of :
Cross-multiplying, we get:
Thus, the inverse function is:
This implies the property:
Using this property, we return to our original functional equation:
We apply again:
Since , we get:
Now we have two equations:
- ,
- .
Subtract the second equation from the first:
Simplifying the subtraction:
Recognizing that both terms simplify to :
Since , we assume :
Test the assumed function:
We have the simplified function , verifying all properties as correct.
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Math Problem Analysis
Mathematical Concepts
Functional Equations
Rational Functions
Formulas
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Theorems
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Suitable Grade Level
Advanced Mathematics
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