Math Problem Statement

2.2.   Calcule o  valor  do centésimo termo. 2.3.    Verifique e justifique se   0 é termo da sucessão. 2.4.  Calcule a soma dos quinze primeiros termos.

Solution

Let's break down the problem based on the information provided:

Given Sequence:

  • The sequence starts with: 21,18,15,12,-21, -18, -15, -12, \ldots

2.1. General Term of the Sequence

The sequence is an arithmetic progression (AP) where the first term a1=21a_1 = -21 and the common difference d=18(21)=3d = -18 - (-21) = 3.

The general term ana_n of an arithmetic sequence is given by the formula: an=a1+(n1)×da_n = a_1 + (n - 1) \times d Substituting the values: an=21+(n1)×3a_n = -21 + (n - 1) \times 3 Simplifying: an=3n24a_n = 3n - 24

2.2. Value of the 100th Term

To find the 100th term a100a_{100}, substitute n=100n = 100 into the general term formula: a100=3(100)24=30024=276a_{100} = 3(100) - 24 = 300 - 24 = 276

2.3. Checking if 0 is a Term of the Sequence

We need to check if there exists an nn such that an=0a_n = 0. Set the general term equal to 0: 3n24=03n - 24 = 0 Solving for nn: 3n=24n=243=83n = 24 \quad \Rightarrow \quad n = \frac{24}{3} = 8 Since n=8n = 8 is a positive integer, 0 is indeed a term of the sequence (the 8th term).

2.4. Sum of the First Fifteen Terms

The sum SnS_n of the first nn terms of an arithmetic sequence is given by: Sn=n2×(a1+an)S_n = \frac{n}{2} \times (a_1 + a_n) Here, n=15n = 15, a1=21a_1 = -21, and a15a_{15} can be found using the general term formula: a15=3(15)24=4524=21a_{15} = 3(15) - 24 = 45 - 24 = 21 Now, calculate the sum S15S_{15}: S15=152×(21+21)=152×0=0S_{15} = \frac{15}{2} \times (-21 + 21) = \frac{15}{2} \times 0 = 0

Thus, the sum of the first fifteen terms is 00.

Summary of Answers:

  1. General Term: an=3n24a_n = 3n - 24
  2. 100th Term: a100=276a_{100} = 276
  3. 0 as a Term: Yes, 00 is the 8th term.
  4. Sum of the First Fifteen Terms: 00

Would you like more details on any specific part of the solution?

Here are some questions that might expand your understanding:

  1. How would you derive the general term for other sequences?
  2. Why is the common difference important in an arithmetic sequence?
  3. What happens if the common difference is negative?
  4. How do you verify if a specific number is part of a sequence?
  5. How is the sum of the first nn terms different for geometric sequences?
  6. Can the general term formula be rearranged to solve for nn?
  7. What if the sequence had a fractional common difference?
  8. How would the sum change if more terms were added?

Tip: Always verify if the value of nn is a positive integer when checking if a specific number is part of a sequence.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Arithmetic Progressions

Formulas

General term of an arithmetic sequence
Sum of an arithmetic sequence

Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

High School