Math Problem Statement

Solve a h dif eq by variation of paraders subject to the initial conditions y(0)=1, y’(0)=0. 4y’’-y=xe^(x/2). The solution should be y=c1+c2cosx+c3sinx-ln|cos|-sinxln|sec+tan|

Solution

The problem you've provided involves solving the non-homogeneous second-order differential equation:

4yy=xex/2,4y'' - y = xe^{x/2},

subject to the initial conditions:

y(0)=1,y(0)=0.y(0) = 1, \quad y'(0) = 0.

Additionally, the solution is expected to take the form:

y=c1+c2cosx+c3sinxlncosxsinxlnsecx+tanx.y = c_1 + c_2 \cos x + c_3 \sin x - \ln|\cos x| - \sin x \ln|\sec x + \tan x|.

Step 1: Homogeneous Solution

First, solve the corresponding homogeneous equation:

4yy=0.4y'' - y = 0.

Rewriting this equation:

y14y=0.y'' - \frac{1}{4}y = 0.

The characteristic equation is:

r214=0,r^2 - \frac{1}{4} = 0,

which gives:

r=±12.r = \pm \frac{1}{2}.

Therefore, the general solution to the homogeneous equation is:

yh(x)=c1ex/2+c2ex/2.y_h(x) = c_1 e^{x/2} + c_2 e^{-x/2}.

Step 2: Particular Solution via Variation of Parameters

Now, we solve for a particular solution to the non-homogeneous equation using the method of variation of parameters. The right-hand side of the equation is xex/2xe^{x/2}, which suggests we will vary the constants in the homogeneous solution.

Let's assume the particular solution takes the form:

yp(x)=u1(x)ex/2+u2(x)ex/2,y_p(x) = u_1(x) e^{x/2} + u_2(x) e^{-x/2},

where u1(x)u_1(x) and u2(x)u_2(x) are functions to be determined. The

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Differential Equations
Non-Homogeneous Equations
Variation of Parameters
Initial Value Problems

Formulas

4y'' - y = xe^(x/2)
Characteristic equation: r^2 - 1/4 = 0
Homogeneous solution: y_h(x) = c_1 e^(x/2) + c_2 e^(-x/2)
Particular solution: y_p(x) = u_1(x) e^(x/2) + u_2(x) e^(-x/2)

Theorems

Method of Variation of Parameters
Solution of Second-Order Linear Differential Equations

Suitable Grade Level

University Level