Math Problem Statement

resuelve con valores iniciales

Resuelva el problema con valores iniciales: t^3 y' + 4t^2 y = e^{-t}; y(6) = 29

Solution

The problem asks you to solve the differential equation:

t3y+4t2y=et,y(6)=29t^3 y' + 4t^2 y = e^{-t}, \quad y(6) = 29

You are also provided with multiple-choice answers. To solve this problem, we need to apply methods for solving first-order linear differential equations with initial conditions.

Steps to Solve:

  1. Rearrange the equation into standard linear form: y+P(t)y=Q(t)y' + P(t)y = Q(t). Dividing both sides by t3t^3:

y+4ty=ett3y' + \frac{4}{t}y = \frac{e^{-t}}{t^3}

Here, P(t)=4tP(t) = \frac{4}{t} and Q(t)=ett3Q(t) = \frac{e^{-t}}{t^3}.

  1. Find the integrating factor (I.F.): The integrating factor μ(t)\mu(t) is given by:

μ(t)=eP(t)dt=e4tdt=e4lnt=t4\mu(t) = e^{\int P(t) \, dt} = e^{\int \frac{4}{t} \, dt} = e^{4 \ln|t|} = t^4

  1. Multiply the entire differential equation by the integrating factor t4t^4:

t4y+4t3y=t4ett3=tett^4 y' + 4t^3 y = \frac{t^4 e^{-t}}{t^3} = t e^{-t}

  1. Recognize the left-hand side as the derivative of the product (t4y)(t^4 y):

ddt(t4y)=tet\frac{d}{dt}(t^4 y) = t e^{-t}

  1. Integrate both sides with respect to tt:

t4y=tetdtt^4 y = \int t e^{-t} \, dt

We can solve tetdt\int t e^{-t} \, dt using integration by parts:

Let u=tu = t and dv=etdtdv = e^{-t} dt. Then du=dtdu = dt and v=etv = -e^{-t}.

The integral becomes:

tetdt=tet+etdt=tetet+C\int t e^{-t} dt = -t e^{-t} + \int e^{-t} dt = -t e^{-t} - e^{-t} + C

Thus,

t4y=tetet+Ct^4 y = -t e^{-t} - e^{-t} + C

  1. Solve for yy:

y=tetet+Ct4y = \frac{-t e^{-t} - e^{-t} + C}{t^4}

  1. Apply the initial condition y(6)=29y(6) = 29 to find the constant CC:

Substituting t=6t = 6 and y=29y = 29:

29=6e6e6+C6429 = \frac{-6 e^{-6} - e^{-6} + C}{6^4}

Now solve for CC:

29×64=6e6e6+C29 \times 6^4 = -6 e^{-6} - e^{-6} + C

Finally, calculating CC and substituting it back into the equation will give the correct solution, allowing us to choose the correct answer from the options.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Differential Equations
Initial Value Problems
Integration by Parts

Formulas

Standard form of first-order linear differential equation: y' + P(t)y = Q(t)
Integrating factor: μ(t) = e^{∫P(t) dt}
Integration by parts: ∫u dv = uv - ∫v du

Theorems

First-Order Linear Differential Equation Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

University Level - Differential Equations