Math Problem Statement

What is the equation of the sinusoidal graph shown?

Solution

The image shows a periodic wave that resembles a transformed trigonometric function. Let me analyze it for you.

Observations:

  1. The x-axis (horizontal) represents angles in degrees, ranging from 0° to 360°.
  2. The y-axis (vertical) represents some quantity and has values ranging from -5 to 3.
  3. The graph oscillates between peaks and troughs, showing a sinusoidal behavior, which suggests it represents either a sine or cosine function.
  4. The amplitude (the distance from the centerline, which appears to be at y = -1) is about 3, meaning the wave peaks at 2 and bottoms out at -4.
  5. The period of the function is 360°, as it completes one full oscillation between 0° and 360°.
  6. There is a vertical shift because the centerline is at y=1y = -1, not at y=0y = 0.

Possible function:

This looks like a sine or cosine wave with the following transformations:

  • Amplitude: 3 (since the wave oscillates 3 units above and below the centerline).
  • Vertical shift: -1 (since the centerline of the wave is at y=1y = -1).
  • Period: 360°, meaning no horizontal scaling factor is applied to stretch or compress the period.
  • Phase shift: It appears there might be no phase shift since the wave starts at its midpoint on the y-axis when x=0x = 0.

Thus, the equation for this wave could be written as: y=3sin(x)1y = 3 \sin(x) - 1 or y=3cos(x90)1y = 3 \cos(x - 90^\circ) - 1 depending on the exact phase shift. Since this wave starts at the centerline moving upward, it is more likely a sine wave.

Do you want further clarification on this function or how I analyzed it? Here are five relative questions you might consider next:

  1. Would you like me to explain how the amplitude and period of a sine wave are calculated?
  2. Should I go into more detail about the vertical and phase shifts and how they affect the graph?
  3. Do you need help with converting between degrees and radians for trigonometric functions?
  4. Would you like to see how this function behaves over multiple periods?
  5. Would you like assistance with solving specific trigonometric equations related to this graph?

Tip:

When analyzing sinusoidal functions, always check for transformations like amplitude changes, vertical shifts, and phase shifts, which can alter the basic shape of the sine or cosine wave.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Trigonometry
Sinusoidal Functions
Graph Transformations

Formulas

General form of sinusoidal functions: y = A * sin(B(x - C)) + D
Amplitude formula: A = max value - min value / 2
Vertical shift formula: D = (max value + min value) / 2
Period formula: Period = 360° / B

Theorems

Basic properties of sine and cosine functions
Transformations of trigonometric functions

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-12