Let's break down the questions in the image:

Part (a):

You are asked to shade $\frac{1}{4}$ of the first shape. To solve this:

• Count the number of small triangles in the shape. From the image, the total number of small triangles in the first shape is 24.
• To find $\frac{1}{4}$ of the total, we calculate: $\frac{1}{4} \times 24 = 6$ So, you should shade 6 triangles.

Part (b):

You need to shade $\frac{1}{3}$ of the second shape, and the problem asks how many more triangles should be shaded.

• Count the total number of small triangles in the second shape. From the image, there are 18 triangles in total.
• To find $\frac{1}{3}$ of the total, we calculate: $\frac{1}{3} \times 18 = 6$
• However, the shape already has some shaded triangles. It appears that 2 triangles are already shaded.
• To make $\frac{1}{3}$ of the shape shaded, we need to shade $6 - 2 = 4$ more triangles.

So, you should shade 4 more triangles.

Let me know if you'd like further clarification or if you have any other questions!

Here are 5 related questions to expand your understanding:

1. How would you shade $\frac{2}{5}$ of a shape with 25 triangles?
2. How can you determine the fraction of the shape that is already shaded?
3. What is the process to calculate a fraction of a shape when you are given the total number of triangles?
4. How would you calculate $\frac{3}{8}$ of a shape with 32 triangles?
5. What would you do if you had to shade more than half of a shape?

Tip: When working with fractions of shapes, always start by counting the total number of pieces or triangles and then multiply by the fraction you're asked to shade.