Math Problem Statement

Consider two real numbers x = LIMn→∞ an, y = LIMn→∞ bn. Show that if x = y, then x −1 = y −1

Solution

To show that if x=yx = y, then x1=y1x^{-1} = y^{-1}, we need to analyze the problem step by step and use some basic properties of limits and inverse functions. Let’s proceed.

Given:

  1. x=limnanx = \lim_{n \to \infty} a_n
  2. y=limnbny = \lim_{n \to \infty} b_n
  3. x=yx = y

We are asked to show that x1=y1x^{-1} = y^{-1}.

Step-by-Step Proof:

  1. Equality of Limits: Since x=yx = y, and both are defined as limits, we can express this as: limnan=limnbn\lim_{n \to \infty} a_n = \lim_{n \to \infty} b_n This implies that for sufficiently large nn, ana_n and bnb_n will be arbitrarily close to each other, meaning: ϵ>0,NN,nN, anbn<ϵ\forall \epsilon > 0, \exists N \in \mathbb{N}, \forall n \geq N, \ |a_n - b_n| < \epsilon So, ana_n converges to bnb_n as nn \to \infty.

  2. Inverse of the Limits: Now, we want to consider the inverse of xx and yy, i.e., x1x^{-1} and y1y^{-1}.

    From the properties of limits, if a sequence {an}\{a_n\} converges to xx and x0x \neq 0, then the sequence {an1}\{a_n^{-1}\} will converge to x1x^{-1}. Similarly, since limnbn=y\lim_{n \to \infty} b_n = y and y0y \neq 0, the sequence {bn1}\{b_n^{-1}\} will converge to y1y^{-1}.

    Therefore:

    \quad \text{and} \quad \lim_{n \to \infty} b_n^{-1} = y^{-1}$$
  3. Conclusion: Since limnan=limnbn\lim_{n \to \infty} a_n = \lim_{n \to \infty} b_n and ana_n converges to bnb_n, by the property of limits: limnan1=limnbn1\lim_{n \to \infty} a_n^{-1} = \lim_{n \to \infty} b_n^{-1} Thus, x1=y1x^{-1} = y^{-1}.

Important Condition:

This result holds as long as x0x \neq 0 and y0y \neq 0. If x=y=0x = y = 0, the inverse is undefined, so the statement doesn't apply in that case.


Would you like further clarification on any part of the explanation, or details on limit properties?

Here are 5 related questions you might find useful:

  1. How do we rigorously define the inverse of a limit of a sequence?
  2. What happens if one of the numbers is zero?
  3. How does continuity of the inverse function play a role here?
  4. Can we generalize this result to other operations beyond the inverse?
  5. What are the necessary conditions for limits to preserve operations like multiplication and division?

Tip: When dealing with limits, always check for the possibility of division by zero before applying operations like inversion!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Limits
Sequences
Inverse Functions

Formulas

lim (n → ∞) an = x
lim (n → ∞) bn = y
x ≠ 0 implies lim (n → ∞) an^-1 = x^-1

Theorems

Properties of Limits
Inverse Function Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Math or Advanced High School