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The question asks which pair of fractions is in a proportional relationship. A proportional relationship means the ratios between the two quantities are equivalent.

Let's evaluate each pair of fractions to check if they are proportional by simplifying the second fraction and comparing it to the first.

1. \( \frac{1}{3} \) and \( \frac{60}{72} \):
   - Simplify \( \frac{60}{72} \): The greatest common divisor (GCD) of 60 and 72 is 12. So:
     \[
     \frac{60}{72} = \frac{60 \div 12}{72 \div 12} = \frac{5}{6}
     \]
     This is not equal to \( \frac{1}{3} \).

2. \( \frac{2}{5} \) and \( \frac{24}{60} \):
   - Simplify \( \frac{24}{60} \): The GCD of 24 and 60 is 12. So:
     \[
     \frac{24}{60} = \frac{24 \div 12}{60 \div 12} = \frac{2}{5}
     \]
     This is equal to \( \frac{2}{5} \).

3. \( \frac{3}{7} \) and \( \frac{18}{42} \):
   - Simplify \( \frac{18}{42} \): The GCD of 18 and 42 is 6. So:
     \[
     \frac{18}{42} = \frac{18 \div 6}{42 \div 6} = \frac{3}{7}
     \]
     This is equal to \( \frac{3}{7} \).

4. \( \frac{5}{8} \) and \( \frac{45}{99} \):
   - Simplify \( \frac{45}{99} \): The GCD of 45 and 99 is 9. So:
     \[
     \frac{45}{99} = \frac{45 \div 9}{99 \div 9} = \frac{5}{11}
     \]
     This is not equal to \( \frac{5}{8} \).

**Conclusion**: The two pairs that are in a proportional relationship are:
- \( \frac{2}{5} \) and \( \frac{24}{60} \)
- \( \frac{3}{7} \) and \( \frac{18}{42} \)

Let me know if you want more details or have any questions.

### Related Questions:
1. How do you simplify fractions?
2. What is the greatest common divisor, and how do you find it?
3. Can two different ratios ever be proportional?
4. How can you identify proportional relationships in word problems?
5. What are some real-life examples of proportional relationships?

**Tip**: Always simplify fractions before comparing them to check for proportionality.

Which two quantities are in a proportional relationship, and why?

Explore which two quantities are in a proportional relationship by simplifying fractions and comparing ratios. This analysis helps in understanding the core concept of ratio and proportion, essential for middle school students in grades 6 to 8.

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