Math Problem Statement

From a group of 6 people, 5 are randomly selected. What is the probability the 5 oldest people in the group were selected? Give your answer as a reduced fraction.

Solution

To find the probability that the 5 oldest people are selected from a group of 6 people when 5 people are randomly chosen, we can break down the problem as follows:

  1. Total number of ways to select 5 people from a group of 6:
    The total number of ways to select 5 people out of 6 is given by the combination formula: (65)=6!5!(65)!=6!5!1!=6\binom{6}{5} = \frac{6!}{5!(6-5)!} = \frac{6!}{5!1!} = 6 So, there are 6 possible groups of 5 people that can be selected from the group of 6.

  2. Favorable outcomes:
    There is exactly 1 favorable outcome, which is selecting the 5 oldest people from the group. This is just one specific combination out of the 6 possible selections.

  3. Probability calculation:
    The probability is the ratio of favorable outcomes to total outcomes, which is: P(5 oldest)=16P(\text{5 oldest}) = \frac{1}{6}

Thus, the probability that the 5 oldest people are selected is 16\frac{1}{6}.

Would you like further clarification on any of the steps?

Here are 5 related questions for further exploration:

  1. What is the probability of selecting exactly 4 of the 5 oldest people from the group?
  2. How does the probability change if we randomly select 4 people instead of 5?
  3. What is the total number of ways to arrange 5 people out of 6?
  4. How can the combination formula be applied to larger groups?
  5. What if the selection is ordered? How does that affect the outcome?

Tip: When dealing with probabilities, always check whether the selection process considers order (permutations) or is independent of order (combinations).

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Combinatorics
Probability

Formulas

Combination formula: C(n, k) = n! / (k!(n-k)!)

Theorems

Basic Probability Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-12