The problem states that the quality standard requires an average of no more than 2.3 defects per square yard, and the inspector found 8 defects in a sample of 3 square yards. To check if the inspector's findings meet the standard, we can compare this scenario against the given chance (0.9975) of finding 8 or more defects.

Analysis:

• Expected number of defects in 3 square yards (based on standard):
  $2.3 \, \text{defects/yard} \times 3 \, \text{yards} = 6.9 \, \text{defects}$

• The inspector found 8 defects, which is slightly higher than the expected number of 6.9.
  However, the chance of finding 8 or more defects is 0.9975 (or 99.75%).

This means it is very likely to find 8 or more defects under these conditions. Since the probability of finding 8 or more defects is almost certain (99.75%), the quality standard is not being violated.

Answer: True
The chance of finding 8 or more defects in the sample is indeed 0.9975.

Would you like a deeper explanation or more questions on this topic?
Here are five related questions:

1. What is the expected number of defects for a 5-yard sample under the same standard?
2. How would the probability change if the standard allowed for 3 defects per square yard?
3. What is the probability of finding exactly 8 defects in this 3 square-yard sample?
4. How could we calculate the probability of finding fewer than 8 defects?
5. How would the analysis change if the sample size increased to 6 square yards?

Tip: When calculating probabilities of events, always compare them to expected outcomes to determine the likelihood of unusual occurrences.