Math Problem Statement

In a large population, 69% of the people have been vaccinated. If 5 people are randomly selected, what is the probability that AT LEAST ONE of them has been vaccinated?

Give your answer as a decimal to 4 places. Submit QuestionQuestion 2

Solution

We can solve this problem by first finding the probability that none of the 5 people selected have been vaccinated, and then subtracting this from 1 to get the probability that at least one person has been vaccinated.

Steps:

  1. Probability that a person is not vaccinated:
    If 69% of people are vaccinated, the probability that a person is not vaccinated is: P(not vaccinated)=10.69=0.31P(\text{not vaccinated}) = 1 - 0.69 = 0.31

  2. Probability that none of the 5 people are vaccinated:
    Since the selections are independent, the probability that all 5 people are not vaccinated is: P(none vaccinated)=0.315P(\text{none vaccinated}) = 0.31^5

  3. Probability that at least one person is vaccinated:
    The probability that at least one person is vaccinated is the complement of the probability that none are vaccinated: P(at least one vaccinated)=1P(none vaccinated)P(\text{at least one vaccinated}) = 1 - P(\text{none vaccinated})

Now, let's calculate this:

P(none vaccinated)=0.315P(\text{none vaccinated}) = 0.31^5 P(at least one vaccinated)=10.315P(\text{at least one vaccinated}) = 1 - 0.31^5

I'll calculate the exact value.The probability that at least one of the 5 randomly selected people has been vaccinated is approximately 0.9971 (to four decimal places).

Would you like more details or have any questions?

Here are 5 related questions to expand your understanding:

  1. How would the probability change if 3 people were randomly selected instead of 5?
  2. What if the vaccination rate were 80% instead of 69%?
  3. How can this problem be generalized for nn people and a vaccination rate pp?
  4. What is the probability that exactly one person out of the 5 is vaccinated?
  5. How does the assumption of independence affect this calculation?

Tip: Always use complements when calculating "at least one" probabilities, as it's often simpler.

Ask a new question for Free

By Image

Drop file here or Click Here to upload

Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Probability
Complement Rule

Formulas

P(not vaccinated) = 1 - P(vaccinated)
P(none vaccinated) = (P(not vaccinated))^n
P(at least one vaccinated) = 1 - P(none vaccinated)

Theorems

Complement Rule in Probability

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-12