To find the prime factors of 28 using a tree diagram, follow these steps:

1. Start with 28: Begin by dividing 28 by the smallest prime number, 2.

   • 28 ÷ 2 = 14

2. Factor 14: Now, divide 14 by the smallest prime number again, which is 2.

   • 14 ÷ 2 = 7

3. Factor 7: The number 7 is a prime number, so it can't be divided any further by any prime numbers except itself.

Tree Diagram Breakdown:

        28
       /  \
      2   14
         /  \
        2    7

The prime factors of 28 are 2 × 2 × 7, or in exponential form, 2² × 7.

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Here are some related questions to expand on this:

1. What are the prime factors of 56?
2. How can you use prime factorization to find the greatest common divisor (GCD)?
3. What is the prime factorization of 100?
4. How would you use a factor tree to factorize 36?
5. Can prime factorization be used to simplify fractions?

Tip: Prime factorization is useful for finding the least common multiple (LCM) and greatest common divisor (GCD) of two numbers.