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To find the values of **a** and **b**, we need to understand how the "Price index in the year 2024 based on the year 2021" is calculated and use that information to solve for the missing values.

The **Price index** is typically calculated as follows:

\[
\text{Price Index (2024 based on 2021)} = \left( \frac{\text{Price in 2024}}{\text{Price in 2021}} \right) \times 100
\]

### 1. For **Milk** (to find **a**):

We have the following information for **Milk**:
- Price in 2021 = 150 RM
- Price in 2024 = 125 RM
- Price index = 120

Substitute these into the price index formula:

\[
120 = \left( \frac{125}{150} \right) \times 100
\]

\[
120 = \left( \frac{5}{6} \right) \times 100
\]

\[
120 = 83.33
\]

Hence, **a = 83.33%**.

### 2. For **Sugar** (to find **b**):

We have the following information for **Sugar**:
- Price in 2021 = 105 RM
- Price in 2024 = 100 RM
- Price index = 105

Substitute these into the price index formula:

\[
105 = \left( \frac{100}{105} \right) \times 100
\]

\[
105 = \left( \frac{20}{21} \right) \times 100
\]

\[
105 = 95.24
\]

Hence, **b = 95.24%**.

The missing values are:
- **a = 83.33%**
- **b = 95.24%**

Would you like more details or have any questions?

Here are 5 related questions:
1. How does a price index of less than 100 indicate a price decrease over time?
2. What would happen if the percentage used for the coffee beans changed?
3. How can we calculate the total cost for this blend using these percentages?
4. What role does inflation play in the change of price index over the years?
5. Can you calculate the price index for another year, say 2025, based on the trend?

**Tip:** A price index greater than 100 indicates an increase in price, while a value less than 100 indicates a decrease in price over the time period analyzed.

Learn how to calculate missing price indices and percentages for ingredients in a special coffee blend. This example demonstrates how to solve for 'a' and 'b' using price index and percentage formulas. Suitable for students in Grades 9-12.

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