To solve the problem of finding the perimeter for each figure, let me break down the calculation for each labeled figure in the provided image. The perimeter is the sum of all sides of the figure.

(a) Triangle

The given sides are: 1 cm, 2 cm, 5 cm.

• Perimeter = $1 + 2 + 5 = 8 \, \text{cm}$.

(b) Trapezium

The given sides are: 23 cm, 35 cm, 40 cm, 35 cm.

• Perimeter = $23 + 35 + 40 + 35 = 133 \, \text{cm}$.

(c) Parallelogram

The given sides are: 15 cm, 15 cm, 4.5 cm, 4.5 cm.

• Perimeter = $15 + 15 + 4.5 + 4.5 = 39 \, \text{cm}$.

(d) Pentagon

Each side of the pentagon is given as 4 cm.

• Perimeter = $5 \times 4 = 20 \, \text{cm}$.

(e) Arrow

This figure is a combination of rectangles and a triangular tip:

• Rectangular portion:
  • The top and bottom horizontal sides are 4 cm each.
  • The two vertical sides are 0.5 cm each.
• Arrow tip:
  • The slanting sides are 2.5 cm each.
  • The base of the triangle is 4 cm.

Adding all these:

• Perimeter = $4 + 4 + 0.5 + 0.5 + 2.5 + 2.5 + 4 = 18 \, \text{cm}$.

(f) Complex figure

Add all the given dimensions:

• Perimeter = $1 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 2 + 4 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 3 + 1 + 4 = 36 \, \text{cm}$.

Final Answers:

• (a) 8 cm
• (b) 133 cm
• (c) 39 cm
• (d) 20 cm
• (e) 18 cm
• (f) 36 cm

Would you like a detailed step-by-step explanation for any specific figure?

Related Questions:

1. How is the perimeter formula different for polygons and curved shapes like circles?
2. Can you calculate the area of any of the above figures?
3. How does the perimeter help in real-world applications, such as fencing?
4. What are the properties of a trapezium that differentiate it from a parallelogram?
5. How does symmetry simplify perimeter calculations?

Tip:

When dealing with irregular shapes, breaking them into simpler parts (triangles, rectangles, etc.) helps in calculating the perimeter efficiently.