Math Problem Statement

Obtain the disconiunction normal form of the expression below tautology

p v( not p implices ( q v ( q implies not r ))

Solution

To obtain the Disjunctive Normal Form (DNF) of the logical expression given, we will first simplify the expression and then transform it into DNF.

Given Expression

The expression is: p(¬p(q(q¬r)))p \vee (\neg p \rightarrow (q \vee (q \rightarrow \neg r)))

Step 1: Simplify the Expression

First, recall that the implication ABA \rightarrow B is equivalent to ¬AB\neg A \vee B.

So, simplify the expression:

  1. Simplify ¬p(q(q¬r))\neg p \rightarrow (q \vee (q \rightarrow \neg r)): ¬p(q(¬q¬r))\neg p \rightarrow (q \vee (\neg q \vee \neg r)) This simplifies to: ¬p(q¬q¬r)\neg p \rightarrow (q \vee \neg q \vee \neg r) Since q¬qq \vee \neg q is always true (a tautology), we have: q¬q¬rTrueq \vee \neg q \vee \neg r \equiv \text{True} Thus: ¬pTrueTrue\neg p \rightarrow \text{True} \equiv \text{True}

  2. The expression now simplifies to: pTruep \vee \text{True} Which simplifies to: True\text{True}

Step 2: Disjunctive Normal Form (DNF)

The expression simplifies to True\text{True}, which is a tautology.

In terms of Disjunctive Normal Form, a tautology (which is always true) can be written as just "True" or as a trivial DNF, such as: True=(p¬p)\text{True} = (p \vee \neg p) Here, p¬pp \vee \neg p represents the simplest possible DNF, as it covers all possible truth values of pp.

So, the Disjunctive Normal Form (DNF) of the given expression is: True\text{True}

Would you like more details or have any questions?

Here are 5 related questions for further exploration:

  1. What is the Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF) of the same expression?
  2. How do you convert a more complex logical expression into its DNF?
  3. Can you find the DNF for ¬(pq)\neg (p \wedge q)?
  4. What is the importance of DNF in Boolean algebra and circuit design?
  5. How can you verify that an expression is a tautology using truth tables?

Tip: When simplifying logical expressions, always check for tautologies, contradictions, and implications, as they can often simplify the process significantly.

Ask a new question for Free

By Image

Drop file here or Click Here to upload

Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Boolean Algebra
Logical Expressions
Disjunctive Normal Form (DNF)

Formulas

Implication equivalence: A → B ≡ ¬A ∨ B

Theorems

Tautology in Boolean Algebra

Suitable Grade Level

Advanced High School and Above