Math Problem Statement
A rectangular box with a volume of 960 ftcubed is to be constructed with a square base and top. The cost per square foot for the bottom is 15cents, for the top is 10cents, and for the sides is 1.5cents. What dimensions will minimize the cost?
Solution
To find the dimensions of the rectangular box that will minimize the cost, we should first express the cost as a function of the dimensions of the box and then find its minimum value.
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Define variables:
- Let be the length of each side of the square base (and top) of the box, in feet.
- Let be the height of the box, in feet.
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Volume constraint: The volume of the box is given by: From this, we can express the height in terms of :
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Cost function:
- The area of the bottom (base) is .
- The area of the top is also .
- The area of the four sides is (since ).
The cost function in dollars can be written as:
- Cost of the bottom: .
- Cost of the top: .
- Cost of the sides: .
Therefore, the total cost is: Simplified:
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Minimize the cost: To find the minimum cost, take the derivative of with respect to and set it equal to zero: Set :
Using a calculator:
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Find : Using the volume constraint:
Substituting :
Calculating:
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Conclusion: The dimensions that minimize the cost of the box are approximately for the side of the square base and top, and for the height.
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Math Problem Analysis
Mathematical Concepts
Optimization
Calculus
Geometry
Formulas
Volume of a rectangular box: V = x^2 * h
Cost function: C(x) = 0.25x^2 + 57.6/x
Derivative for minimization: C'(x) = 0.50x - 57.6/x^2
Theorems
Optimization using derivatives
Suitable Grade Level
Grades 11-12 or College-level Calculus
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