Math Problem Statement

Find the mean value of the random variable whose pdf is given by F(x) =3 by 5 10^-5 x (100-x), 0≤x≤100

Solution

To find the mean value E(X)E(X) of the random variable XX given its probability density function (pdf), we use the formula:

E(X)=xf(x)dxE(X) = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} x f(x) \, dx

Here, the pdf f(x)f(x) is given as:

f(x)=35×105x(100x),0x100f(x) = \frac{3}{5} \times 10^{-5} \cdot x (100 - x), \quad 0 \leq x \leq 100

Since the function is defined only in the interval 0x1000 \leq x \leq 100, the mean becomes:

E(X)=0100x35×105x(100x)dxE(X) = \int_0^{100} x \cdot \frac{3}{5} \times 10^{-5} \cdot x (100 - x) \, dx

Step-by-step solution:

  1. Simplify the integrand:

E(X)=35×1050100x2(100x)dxE(X) = \frac{3}{5} \times 10^{-5} \int_0^{100} x^2 (100 - x) \, dx

  1. Expand x2(100x)x^2 (100 - x):

x2(100x)=100x2x3x^2 (100 - x) = 100x^2 - x^3

So, the integral becomes:

E(X)=35×1050100(100x2x3)dxE(X) = \frac{3}{5} \times 10^{-5} \int_0^{100} (100x^2 - x^3) \, dx

  1. Break the integral into two parts:

E(X)=35×105(0100100x2dx0100x3dx)E(X) = \frac{3}{5} \times 10^{-5} \left( \int_0^{100} 100x^2 \, dx - \int_0^{100} x^3 \, dx \right)

  1. Compute the integrals:

0100100x2dx=100×x330100=100×10033=10043=1083\int_0^{100} 100x^2 \, dx = 100 \times \frac{x^3}{3} \Bigg|_0^{100} = 100 \times \frac{100^3}{3} = \frac{100^4}{3} = \frac{10^8}{3}

0100x3dx=x440100=10044=1084\int_0^{100} x^3 \, dx = \frac{x^4}{4} \Bigg|_0^{100} = \frac{100^4}{4} = \frac{10^8}{4}

  1. Substitute the results:

E(X)=35×105(10831084)E(X) = \frac{3}{5} \times 10^{-5} \left( \frac{10^8}{3} - \frac{10^8}{4} \right)

  1. Find a common denominator:

10831084=4×108123×10812=10812\frac{10^8}{3} - \frac{10^8}{4} = \frac{4 \times 10^8}{12} - \frac{3 \times 10^8}{12} = \frac{10^8}{12}

  1. Simplify:

E(X)=35×105×10812E(X) = \frac{3}{5} \times 10^{-5} \times \frac{10^8}{12}

E(X)=35×10312=3×1035×12=300060=50E(X) = \frac{3}{5} \times \frac{10^3}{12} = \frac{3 \times 10^3}{5 \times 12} = \frac{3000}{60} = 50

Final Answer:

The mean value of the random variable is 50\boxed{50}.


Would you like to explore more details about the calculation or have any specific questions? Here are 5 related questions for deeper understanding:

  1. How would you calculate the variance of this random variable?
  2. What is the significance of the mean in the context of this distribution?
  3. How does changing the range of xx affect the mean?
  4. Can you derive the general formula for the mean for a quadratic pdf like this one?
  5. What is the probability that XX lies between two values, say 25 and 75?

Tip: The mean value provides the central tendency of the distribution, offering a first insight into where most values of the random variable are likely to occur.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Probability Theory
Expected Value
Integration

Formulas

E(X) = ∫ x * f(x) dx over the range of x
Integral of a product of terms, as in ∫ x^n dx

Theorems

Expected Value of a Continuous Random Variable

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate