Math Problem Statement

At what point does the curve have maximum curvature? y = 9 ln(x)

Solution

To find the point where the curve y=9ln(x)y = 9 \ln(x) has maximum curvature, we will follow these steps:

  1. Find the first and second derivatives of the function.
  2. Compute the curvature formula in terms of xx.
  3. Maximize the curvature by finding the critical points and testing for maximum.

Step 1: First and second derivatives

The function is:

y=9ln(x)y = 9 \ln(x)

First derivative:

y=9xy' = \frac{9}{x}

Second derivative:

y=9x2y'' = -\frac{9}{x^2}

Step 2: Curvature formula

The curvature κ\kappa of a curve given by y=f(x)y = f(x) is calculated using the following formula:

κ(x)=y(1+(y)2)3/2\kappa(x) = \frac{|y''|}{(1 + (y')^2)^{3/2}}

Substituting y=9xy' = \frac{9}{x} and y=9x2y'' = -\frac{9}{x^2} into the curvature formula:

κ(x)=9x2(1+(9x)2)3/2=9x2(1+81x2)3/2\kappa(x) = \frac{|\frac{9}{x^2}|}{\left(1 + \left(\frac{9}{x}\right)^2\right)^{3/2}} = \frac{\frac{9}{x^2}}{\left(1 + \frac{81}{x^2}\right)^{3/2}}

Step 3: Maximize the curvature

To find the maximum curvature, we need to differentiate the curvature κ(x)\kappa(x) with respect to xx and set it to zero:

dκdx=0\frac{d\kappa}{dx} = 0

I'll compute this derivative next.The derivative of the curvature function is:

dκdx=2187(x2+81)2.518(x2+81)1.5\frac{d\kappa}{dx} = 2187 \cdot (x^2 + 81)^{-2.5} - 18 \cdot (x^2 + 81)^{-1.5}

To find the critical points where maximum curvature occurs, we need to set this derivative equal to zero:

2187(x2+81)2.518(x2+81)1.5=02187 \cdot (x^2 + 81)^{-2.5} - 18 \cdot (x^2 + 81)^{-1.5} = 0

I'll solve this equation for xx.The critical point is approximately x=6.36x = 6.36.

This is the value of xx where the curvature is maximized. Therefore, the point on the curve y=9ln(x)y = 9 \ln(x) with the maximum curvature occurs at x6.36x \approx 6.36.

Would you like more details on this, or do you have any further questions?

Here are 5 related questions you might find interesting:

  1. How can you find the curvature of any function in general?
  2. What is the significance of the point of maximum curvature on a curve?
  3. How would you interpret the behavior of the curve near its maximum curvature?
  4. What does the second derivative test tell us about points of maximum curvature?
  5. How do curvature calculations change for parametric equations?

Tip: Curvature gives an indication of how sharply a curve bends. Higher curvature means the curve is bending more at that point.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Curvature
Derivatives
Optimization

Formulas

y' = 9 / x
y'' = -9 / x^2
Curvature formula: κ(x) = |y''| / (1 + (y')^2)^(3/2)

Theorems

Optimization by finding critical points
Curvature formula

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12 (Advanced Calculus)