Math Problem Statement

разложение функции ln(1+x) в ряд Маклорена;

Solution

The image contains a mathematical query regarding the Maclaurin series expansion of the function ln(1+x)\ln(1+x).

The Maclaurin series for ln(1+x)\ln(1+x) is derived from its Taylor series centered at x=0x = 0. The general form for the Maclaurin series of a function f(x)f(x) is:

f(x)=f(0)+f(0)x+f(0)2!x2+f(3)(0)3!x3+f(x) = f(0) + f'(0)x + \frac{f''(0)}{2!}x^2 + \frac{f^{(3)}(0)}{3!}x^3 + \dots

To find the series for ln(1+x)\ln(1+x), we need to compute its derivatives at x=0x = 0.

  1. The function itself at x=0x = 0 is: f(0)=ln(1+0)=ln(1)=0f(0) = \ln(1+0) = \ln(1) = 0

  2. The first derivative of ln(1+x)\ln(1+x) is: f(x)=11+xf'(x) = \frac{1}{1+x} At x=0x = 0, f(0)=11+0=1f'(0) = \frac{1}{1+0} = 1.

  3. The second derivative is: f(x)=1(1+x)2f''(x) = -\frac{1}{(1+x)^2} At x=0x = 0, f(0)=1f''(0) = -1.

  4. The third derivative is: f(3)(x)=2(1+x)3f^{(3)}(x) = \frac{2}{(1+x)^3} At x=0x = 0, f(3)(0)=2f^{(3)}(0) = 2.

  5. The fourth derivative is: f(4)(x)=6(1+x)4f^{(4)}(x) = -\frac{6}{(1+x)^4} At x=0x = 0, f(4)(0)=6f^{(4)}(0) = -6.

Thus, the Maclaurin series for ln(1+x)\ln(1+x) is:

ln(1+x)=xx22+x33x44+\ln(1+x) = x - \frac{x^2}{2} + \frac{x^3}{3} - \frac{x^4}{4} + \dots

In general, the series is:

ln(1+x)=n=1(1)n+1xnn,forx<1\ln(1+x) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} (-1)^{n+1} \frac{x^n}{n}, \quad \text{for} \quad |x| < 1

Would you like further explanation or additional steps on this topic? Let me know if you need anything else!

Here are some related questions:

  1. How do we determine the radius of convergence for the Maclaurin series of ln(1+x)\ln(1+x)?
  2. What are the general steps for deriving a Maclaurin series for other functions?
  3. How can we approximate the value of ln(1+x)\ln(1+x) for small values of xx using its series?
  4. Can the Maclaurin series for ln(1+x)\ln(1+x) be applied to complex numbers?
  5. What is the significance of the alternating signs in the series for ln(1+x)\ln(1+x)?

Tip: The convergence of the Maclaurin series for ln(1+x)\ln(1+x) is valid for x<1|x| < 1. For values outside this range, the series does not converge.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Maclaurin Series
Logarithmic Functions
Taylor Series

Formulas

Maclaurin series for f(x): f(x) = f(0) + f'(0)x + f''(0)/2! x^2 + ...
Maclaurin series for ln(1+x): ln(1+x) = x - x^2/2 + x^3/3 - x^4/4 + ...
General form: ln(1+x) = Σ (-1)^(n+1) x^n / n, for |x| < 1

Theorems

Taylor Series
Maclaurin Series

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12