Let's solve these logarithmic equations one by one.
1. lnx=−3
To solve this, we rewrite the natural logarithm in exponential form:
x=e−3
Thus, x=e31≈0.0498.
2. log(3x−2)=2
Rewrite in exponential form using base 10:
3x−2=102=100
Now, solve for x:
3x=100+2=102⇒x=3102=34
3. 2logx=log2+log(3x−4)
Use the properties of logarithms to simplify:
logx2=log(2(3x−4))
Since the logarithms are equal, we can set the arguments equal:
x2=2(3x−4)
Expanding and solving the quadratic equation:
x2=6x−8⇒x2−6x+8=0
Using the quadratic formula:
x=2(1)6±(−6)2−4(1)(8)=26±36−32=26±4=26±2
So, x=26+2=4 or x=26−2=2.
Thus, x=4 or x=2.
4. logx+log(x−1)=log(4x)
Combine the logarithms:
log(x(x−1))=log(4x)
Since the logarithms are equal, set the arguments equal:
x(x−1)=4x
Expand and simplify:
x2−x=4x⇒x2−5x=0⇒x(x−5)=0
Thus, x=0 or x=5. However, x=0 is not a valid solution for a logarithmic equation, so the only solution is x=5.
5. log3(x+25)−log3(x−1)=3
Use the properties of logarithms:
log3(x−1x+25)=3
Rewrite in exponential form:
x−1x+25=33=27
Now solve for x:
x+25=27(x−1)⇒x+25=27x−27⇒25+27=26x⇒x=2652=2
6. log9(x−5)+log9(x+3)=1
Combine the logarithms:
log9((x−5)(x+3))=1
Rewrite in exponential form:
(x−5)(x+3)=91=9
Expand the quadratic:
x2−5x+3x−15=9⇒x2−2x−15=9⇒x2−2x−24=0
Solve using the quadratic formula:
x=2(1)−(−2)±(−2)2−4(1)(−24)=22±4+96=22±100=22±10
Thus, (x = \frac{2 + 10}{2}