Math Problem Statement

lim x→∞ √(5x^2 + 3x + 3) - √(6x^2 + 3x - 2)

Solution

The problem involves finding the limit:

limx(5x2+3x+36x2+3x2)\lim_{x \to \infty} \left( \sqrt{5x^2 + 3x + 3} - \sqrt{6x^2 + 3x - 2} \right)

Steps for solving:

  1. Factor out the highest power of x2x^2 inside the square roots:

    • For the first term: 5x2+3x+3=x2(5+3x+3x2)=x5+3x+3x2\sqrt{5x^2 + 3x + 3} = \sqrt{x^2(5 + \frac{3}{x} + \frac{3}{x^2})} = |x| \sqrt{5 + \frac{3}{x} + \frac{3}{x^2}}
    • For the second term: 6x2+3x2=x2(6+3x2x2)=x6+3x2x2\sqrt{6x^2 + 3x - 2} = \sqrt{x^2(6 + \frac{3}{x} - \frac{2}{x^2})} = |x| \sqrt{6 + \frac{3}{x} - \frac{2}{x^2}}

    As xx \to \infty, we can treat x=x|x| = x, since we are considering positive infinity.

  2. Simplify for large xx: As xx \to \infty, the terms 3x\frac{3}{x}, 3x2\frac{3}{x^2}, and 2x2\frac{-2}{x^2} approach 0. So the expressions inside the square roots simplify to:

    5+3x+3x25,6+3x2x26\sqrt{5 + \frac{3}{x} + \frac{3}{x^2}} \to \sqrt{5}, \quad \sqrt{6 + \frac{3}{x} - \frac{2}{x^2}} \to \sqrt{6}

  3. Take the limit: The expression now becomes:

    limx(x5x6)\lim_{x \to \infty} \left( x\sqrt{5} - x\sqrt{6} \right)

    Factor out xx:

    x(56)x\left( \sqrt{5} - \sqrt{6} \right)

    Since 56\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{6} is negative, the whole expression tends to -\infty as xx \to \infty.

Conclusion:

The limit is -\infty, which corresponds to option c.

Would you like a detailed explanation of any specific step, or further assistance?

Here are some related questions you might find useful:

  1. What happens when the coefficients inside the square roots are equal?
  2. How does factoring the highest degree of xx help in limit problems?
  3. What are some techniques for handling limits involving square roots at infinity?
  4. How does the behavior of functions change as xx \to -\infty?
  5. What are common mistakes to avoid when solving limits at infinity?

Tip: When solving limits at infinity involving square roots, factoring out the highest power of x2x^2 often simplifies the process.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Limits
Square Roots
Asymptotic Behavior

Formulas

lim x→∞ f(x)
√(a^2 + bx + c) ≈ a for large x

Theorems

Limits at Infinity
Simplifying Square Roots for Large x

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12