Math Problem Statement

Evaluate the limit: lim (x → 0) (sin(5x) / [x(x + 3)]).

Solution

The problem asks us to evaluate the following limit:

limx0sin(5x)x(x+3)\lim_{{x \to 0}} \frac{{\sin(5x)}}{{x(x + 3)}}

Step 1: Apply limit properties

We first examine the form of the limit as x0x \to 0. Direct substitution of x=0x = 0 would give:

sin(0)0(0+3)=00\frac{{\sin(0)}}{{0(0 + 3)}} = \frac{0}{0}

This is an indeterminate form, so we need to proceed with further analysis.

Step 2: Apply standard limit for small angles

Recall that for small values of xx, sin(x)\sin(x) can be approximated by xx, meaning:

limx0sin(5x)x=5\lim_{{x \to 0}} \frac{\sin(5x)}{x} = 5

This is a standard limit result. Now, we need to deal with the remaining part of the expression, which is 1x+3\frac{1}{x + 3}.

Step 3: Rewrite the limit expression

Thus, the original limit can be rewritten as:

limx0sin(5x)x(x+3)=limx05x+3\lim_{{x \to 0}} \frac{\sin(5x)}{x(x + 3)} = \lim_{{x \to 0}} \frac{5}{x + 3}

Step 4: Substitution of x=0x = 0

Now, we substitute x=0x = 0 into the remaining expression:

50+3=53\frac{5}{0 + 3} = \frac{5}{3}

Thus, the value of the limit is 53\frac{5}{3}, which corresponds to answer a.

Final Answer:

The correct choice is a. 53=1,(6)\frac{5}{3} = 1,(6).


Would you like further details or have any questions? Here are 5 related questions you might want to explore:

  1. How is the limit of sin(x)x\frac{\sin(x)}{x} derived as x0x \to 0?
  2. What are the common indeterminate forms encountered in limits?
  3. How do you apply L'Hopital's Rule for limits with indeterminate forms?
  4. How do small angle approximations work for trigonometric functions?
  5. What other techniques can be used to resolve limits without direct substitution?

Tip: Always check for standard limit results like limx0sin(x)x=1\lim_{{x \to 0}} \frac{\sin(x)}{x} = 1 when dealing with trigonometric limits.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Limits
Trigonometric Functions
Small Angle Approximation
Indeterminate Forms

Formulas

lim (x → 0) (sin(x) / x) = 1
sin(θ) ≈ θ for small angles
Limit properties: lim (x → 0) f(x) * g(x) = lim f(x) * lim g(x)

Theorems

Small Angle Approximation
L'Hopital's Rule (not directly applied but relevant for indeterminate forms)

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12 or introductory university calculus