Math Problem Statement

Compute the following limit using l'Hopital's rule where appropriate: lim (x -> 0^+) (4x / tan(5x)).

Solution

Let's solve the given limit using L'Hopital's Rule. We are asked to compute:

limx0+4xtan(5x)\lim_{x \to 0^+} \frac{4x}{\tan(5x)}

Step 1: Check if we can apply L'Hopital's Rule

L'Hopital's Rule is applicable if the limit results in an indeterminate form like 00\frac{0}{0} or \frac{\infty}{\infty}.

  • As x0+x \to 0^+, the numerator 4x04x \to 0.
  • The denominator tan(5x)tan(0)=0\tan(5x) \to \tan(0) = 0.

Thus, we have the indeterminate form 00\frac{0}{0}, so we can apply L'Hopital's Rule.

Step 2: Differentiate the numerator and denominator

Using L'Hopital's Rule, we differentiate the numerator and denominator with respect to xx:

  • Derivative of the numerator 4x4x is 44.
  • Derivative of the denominator tan(5x)\tan(5x) is 5sec2(5x)5 \sec^2(5x), by applying the chain rule.

Step 3: Apply the limit again

Now we need to compute:

limx0+45sec2(5x)\lim_{x \to 0^+} \frac{4}{5 \sec^2(5x)}

Since sec(5x)=1cos(5x)\sec(5x) = \frac{1}{\cos(5x)}, we know that as x0+x \to 0^+, cos(5x)1\cos(5x) \to 1, so sec2(5x)12=1\sec^2(5x) \to 1^2 = 1.

Thus, the limit becomes:

451=45\frac{4}{5 \cdot 1} = \frac{4}{5}

Final Answer:

The value of the limit is 45\frac{4}{5}.

Would you like further clarification on any of these steps?

Related Questions:

  1. How do you apply L'Hopital's Rule to more complicated indeterminate forms like \frac{\infty}{\infty}?
  2. What are the conditions under which L'Hopital's Rule can be used?
  3. How does the chain rule apply in differentiation, as seen in this problem with tan(5x)\tan(5x)?
  4. How can we deal with limits that lead to forms like 0\frac{0}{\infty}?
  5. What alternative methods can be used to solve limits when L'Hopital's Rule is not applicable?

Tip:

Always verify that you have an indeterminate form before applying L'Hopital's Rule, as it is only valid under certain conditions.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Limits
L'Hopital's Rule
Trigonometric Limits

Formulas

L'Hopital's Rule: If lim(x -> c) f(x)/g(x) = 0/0 or ±∞/±∞, then lim(x -> c) f(x)/g(x) = lim(x -> c) f'(x)/g'(x), provided the limit on the right exists.
Derivative of tan(x): d/dx[tan(x)] = sec^2(x)

Theorems

L'Hopital's Rule
Chain Rule

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Calculus