Math Problem Statement
lim x -> 0 (3 ^ x - 3 ^ (- x))/(3 ^ x + 3 ^ (- x))
Solution
To evaluate the limit
we'll simplify and compute it step by step.
Step 1: Express in terms of exponentials
Recall that and . So, the expression becomes:
This expression looks similar to the hyperbolic tangent function, so we can try to rewrite it using hyperbolic functions.
Step 2: Recognize the hyperbolic tangent form
We recall the identities for hyperbolic sine and cosine:
Thus, the expression simplifies to:
Step 3: Take the limit as
We know that as . Here, , so as , .
Thus,
Final Answer:
Would you like more details on any of the steps? Here are some related questions to explore:
- What is the difference between hyperbolic functions and trigonometric functions?
- How do you use L'Hôpital's Rule to solve limits involving exponentials?
- Can limits involving hyperbolic functions be simplified in different ways?
- What are the properties of the hyperbolic tangent function?
- How does the limit of an exponential function behave as ?
Tip: When dealing with exponentials and limits, rewriting in terms of hyperbolic or trigonometric functions often simplifies the process!
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Math Problem Analysis
Mathematical Concepts
Exponential Functions
Limits
Hyperbolic Functions
Formulas
3^x = e^{x \ln 3}
sinh(a) = (e^a - e^{-a}) / 2
cosh(a) = (e^a + e^{-a}) / 2
tanh(a) = sinh(a) / cosh(a)
Theorems
Limit of Hyperbolic Tangent Function as x -> 0
Exponential Function Properties
Suitable Grade Level
Undergraduate Calculus
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