Math Problem Statement

Define Laplace transform of a function. Find the Laplace transform of sin²(t)/t and hence evaluate the integral ∫₀^∞ e⁻²ᵗ (sin²(t)/t) dt. Solve y⁴ - 16y = 30 sin t with initial conditions, and solve another equation using Laplace transforms.

Solution

Let's address the problems one by one, starting with question 3(a):


3(a): Define Laplace transform of a function and find the Laplace transform of sin2tt\frac{\sin^2 t}{t}. Then evaluate 0e2tsin2ttdt\int_0^\infty e^{-2t} \frac{\sin^2 t}{t} dt.

  1. Definition of Laplace Transform: The Laplace transform of a function f(t)f(t) is defined as: L{f(t)}=F(s)=0estf(t)dt,s>0.\mathcal{L}\{f(t)\} = F(s) = \int_0^\infty e^{-st} f(t) \, dt, \quad s > 0.

  2. Finding L(sin2tt)\mathcal{L}\left(\frac{\sin^2 t}{t}\right): Using the Laplace transform of sin2tt\frac{\sin^2 t}{t}, we rewrite sin2t=1cos(2t)2\sin^2 t = \frac{1 - \cos(2t)}{2}: sin2tt=121tcos(2t)2t.\frac{\sin^2 t}{t} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{t} - \frac{\cos(2t)}{2t}.

    From known Laplace transforms: L(1t)=ln(s),andL(cos(2t)t)=ln(s2+4s).\mathcal{L}\left(\frac{1}{t}\right) = \ln(s), \quad \text{and} \quad \mathcal{L}\left(\frac{\cos(2t)}{t}\right) = \ln\left(\frac{s^2 + 4}{s}\right).

    Substitute and simplify.

  3. Evaluating 0e2tsin2ttdt\int_0^\infty e^{-2t} \frac{\sin^2 t}{t} dt: Apply the shifted Laplace property: 0e2tsin2ttdt=F(2),\int_0^\infty e^{-2t} \frac{\sin^2 t}{t} dt = F(2), where F(s)=L(sin2tt)F(s) = \mathcal{L}\left(\frac{\sin^2 t}{t}\right). Evaluate F(2)F(2).


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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Laplace Transform
Integral Calculus
Differential Equations

Formulas

Laplace Transform: 𝓛{f(t)} = ∫₀^∞ e⁻ˢᵗ f(t) dt
sin²(t) = (1 - cos(2t))/2
𝓛{1/t} = ln(s)
𝓛{cos(at)/t} = ln((s² + a²)/s)

Theorems

Properties of Laplace Transform
Convolution Theorem
Superposition Principle for Linear Differential Equations

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate - Engineering or Advanced Mathematics