Math Problem Statement

Find laplace transform y''+16y= {1, 0t<π\le t<\pi {0, πt<\pi\le t<\infty y(0)=6 y'(0)=3

Solution

To solve the differential equation using the Laplace transform, we begin by applying the Laplace transform to both sides of the given equation.

Given problem:

y+16y=f(t)y'' + 16y = f(t) where:

\begin{cases} 1, & 0 \le t < \pi \\ 0, & \pi \le t < \infty \end{cases}$$ and the initial conditions are: $$y(0) = 6, \quad y'(0) = 3$$ ### Step 1: Apply the Laplace Transform We apply the Laplace transform to both sides of the differential equation. Using standard Laplace transform properties, we have: $$\mathcal{L}\{y''(t)\} = s^2 Y(s) - s y(0) - y'(0) = s^2 Y(s) - 6s - 3$$ $$\mathcal{L}\{16y(t)\} = 16Y(s)$$ $$\mathcal{L}\{y''(t) + 16y(t)\} = s^2 Y(s) - 6s - 3 + 16 Y(s) = f(s)$$ ### Step 2: Laplace Transform of $$f(t)$$ The function $$f(t)$$ is a piecewise function, which we can write using the Heaviside step function $$u_\pi(t)$$: $$f(t) = 1 - u_\pi(t)$$ The Laplace transform of $$f(t)$$ is: $$\mathcal{L}\{1\} = \frac{1}{s}$$ $$\mathcal{L}\{u_\pi(t)\} = \frac{e^{-\pi s}}{s}$$ Thus: $$\mathcal{L}\{f(t)\} = \frac{1}{s} - \frac{e^{-\pi s}}{s}$$ ### Step 3: Solve for $$Y(s)$$ Now we substitute everything into the Laplace-transformed equation: $$(s^2 + 16) Y(s) - 6s - 3 = \frac{1}{s} - \frac{e^{-\pi s}}{s}$$ Solve for $$Y(s)$$: $$Y(s) = \frac{1}{s(s^2 + 16)} - \frac{e^{-\pi s}}{s(s^2 + 16)} + \frac{6s + 3}{s^2 + 16}$$ ### Step 4: Inverse Laplace Transform We now compute the inverse Laplace transform of each term separately. 1. First term: $$\mathcal{L}^{-1}\left\{ \frac{1}{s(s^2 + 16)} \right\}$$ This is a standard Laplace transform, and its inverse is: $$\mathcal{L}^{-1}\left\{ \frac{1}{s(s^2 + 16)} \right\} = 1 - \cos(4t)$$ 2. Second term: $$\mathcal{L}^{-1}\left\{ \frac{e^{-\pi s}}{s(s^2 + 16)} \right\}$$ This is a shifted function using the second shifting theorem (also known as the Heaviside shifting property): $$\mathcal{L}^{-1}\left\{ \frac{e^{-\pi s}}{s(s^2 + 16)} \right\} = u_\pi(t) \left[1 - \cos(4(t-\pi))\right]$$ 3. Third term: $$\mathcal{L}^{-1}\left\{ \frac{6s + 3}{s^2 + 16} \right\}$$ This can be split into two standard transforms: $$\mathcal{L}^{-1}\left\{ \frac{6s}{s^2 + 16} \right\} = 6 \cos(4t)$$ $$\mathcal{L}^{-1}\left\{ \frac{3}{s^2 + 16} \right\} = \frac{3}{4} \sin(4t)$$ ### Final Solution: The inverse Laplace transform gives the solution for $$y(t)$$: $$y(t) = 1 - \cos(4t) + 6 \cos(4t) + \frac{3}{4} \sin(4t) - u_\pi(t) \left[ 1 - \cos(4(t-\pi)) \right]$$ Let me know if you'd like further details, or have any questions! Here are 5 related questions: 1. How does the second shifting theorem work in Laplace transforms? 2. What is the significance of Heaviside step functions in differential equations? 3. How can Laplace transforms be used to solve non-homogeneous equations? 4. What are the main properties of the Laplace transform? 5. How do initial conditions affect the solution to a differential equation using Laplace transforms? **Tip:** When solving piecewise functions using Laplace transforms, it's useful to express them in terms of Heaviside functions for easier transformation.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Laplace Transform
Differential Equations
Piecewise Functions
Heaviside Step Function

Formulas

Laplace transform of y''(t): 𝓛{y''(t)} = s²Y(s) - sy(0) - y'(0)
Laplace transform of 16y(t): 𝓛{16y(t)} = 16Y(s)
Heaviside function: u_π(t)
Inverse Laplace Transform

Theorems

Second Shifting Theorem
Initial Value Theorem
Convolution Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate level (Mathematics/Engineering)