Math Problem Statement

Integral of ( sin(x) )^2/x^2. Answer may involve special functions.

Solution

The integral of sin2(x)x2\frac{\sin^2(x)}{x^2} is indeed a challenging one, and it can be expressed in terms of a special function known as the Sine Integral function, denoted by Si(x)\text{Si}(x).

The integral is:

sin2(x)x2dx=π2sin(2x)2xSi(2x)\int \frac{\sin^2(x)}{x^2} \, dx = \frac{\pi}{2} - \frac{\sin(2x)}{2x} - \text{Si}(2x)

where Si(x)\text{Si}(x) is defined as:

Si(x)=0xsin(t)tdt\text{Si}(x) = \int_0^x \frac{\sin(t)}{t} \, dt

This integral cannot be expressed in terms of elementary functions alone, but the result involving the Sine Integral function provides a complete and exact form.

Would you like a step-by-step derivation or any further explanation?

Here are some related questions you might find interesting:

  1. What is the integral of sin(x)x\frac{\sin(x)}{x}?
  2. How do you derive the Sine Integral function Si(x)\text{Si}(x)?
  3. Can you calculate sin2(x)x2dx\int \frac{\sin^2(x)}{x^2} \, dx numerically for specific values of xx?
  4. What are the applications of the Sine Integral function in physics?
  5. How do you evaluate improper integrals involving the Sine Integral function?

Tip: When dealing with integrals that involve trigonometric functions and powers of xx, it's often useful to check if special functions like the Sine Integral or Cosine Integral are involved.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Integral Calculus
Trigonometric Integrals
Special Functions

Formulas

Integral of sin^2(x) / x^2

Theorems

Sine Integral Function

Suitable Grade Level

Advanced Undergraduate