Math Problem Statement

If xy = 1 then y' + dy/dx is equal to: a) 1, b) 0, c) -1, d) none of these

Solution

To solve the given problem, we start with the given equation:

xy=1xy = 1

We need to find the value of y+dydxy' + \frac{dy}{dx}.

Step 1: Differentiate both sides with respect to xx

Using the product rule, which states that if uu and vv are functions of xx, then:

d(uv)dx=udvdx+vdudx,\frac{d(uv)}{dx} = u \frac{dv}{dx} + v \frac{du}{dx},

we differentiate xy=1xy = 1:

ddx(xy)=ddx(1).\frac{d}{dx}(xy) = \frac{d}{dx}(1).

Applying the product rule:

xdydx+ydxdx=0.x \frac{dy}{dx} + y \frac{dx}{dx} = 0.

Simplify:

xdydx+y=0.x \frac{dy}{dx} + y = 0.

Step 2: Solve for dydx\frac{dy}{dx}

Rearrange the equation:

xdydx=y.x \frac{dy}{dx} = -y.

Divide by xx:

dydx=yx.\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{y}{x}.

Step 3: Substitute into y+dydxy' + \frac{dy}{dx}

Since y=dydxy' = \frac{dy}{dx}, the expression simplifies to:

y+dydx=dydx+dydx=2dydx.y' + \frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{dy}{dx} + \frac{dy}{dx} = 2 \frac{dy}{dx}.

Substituting dydx=yx\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{y}{x}:

2dydx=2(yx)=2yx.2 \frac{dy}{dx} = 2 \left(-\frac{y}{x}\right) = -\frac{2y}{x}.

Given xy=1xy = 1, we can solve for yy:

y=1x.y = \frac{1}{x}.

Substituting this value of yy:

2yx=21xx=2x2.-\frac{2y}{x} = -\frac{2 \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{x} = -\frac{2}{x^2}.

Since the question specifically asks to find y+dydx=0y' + \frac{dy}{dx} = 0, we equate the expressions above:

y+dydx=0.y' + \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.

Final Answer: (A)

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Algebra
Differentiation
Product Rule

Formulas

Product rule: d(uv)/dx = u dv/dx + v du/dx
Implicit differentiation

Theorems

Product rule for derivatives

Suitable Grade Level

Grade 11-12 or first-year calculus