Math Problem Statement

A research center claims that at least 25​% of adults in a certain country think that their taxes will be audited. In a random sample of 1100 adults in that country in a recent​ year, 20​% say they are concerned that their taxes will be audited. At alphaequals0.01​, is there enough evidence to reject the​ center's claim? Complete parts​ (a) through​ (d) below. ​(b) Find the critical​ value(s) and identify the rejection​ region(s). Identify the critical​ value(s) for this test.

Solution

This is a hypothesis test for a population proportion, where we are testing the claim that the population proportion p0.25p \geq 0.25.

Here's a step-by-step solution to finding the critical value(s):

  1. Step 1: Identify the null and alternative hypotheses.

    • Null hypothesis, H0:p=0.25H_0: p = 0.25
    • Alternative hypothesis, H1:p<0.25H_1: p < 0.25 (This is a left-tailed test because we are testing if the proportion is less than 0.25.)
  2. Step 2: Set the significance level, α\alpha.

    • α=0.01\alpha = 0.01
  3. Step 3: Determine the critical value for a left-tailed test.

    • Since it's a left-tailed test, we need to find the zz-score that corresponds to a cumulative probability of 1α=0.991 - \alpha = 0.99 in the standard normal distribution.
  4. Step 4: Find the critical value for zz.

    • Using a zz-table or a calculator, the zz-score that corresponds to a cumulative probability of 0.990.99 is approximately z=2.33z = -2.33.
  5. Step 5: State the rejection region.

    • For a left-tailed test with α=0.01\alpha = 0.01, the rejection region is: z<2.33z < -2.33

Answer: The critical value for this test is z=2.33z = -2.33. The rejection region is z<2.33z < -2.33. If the test statistic falls within this region, we would reject the null hypothesis.

Would you like further assistance with calculating the test statistic or interpreting the result?

Here are some questions that could extend your understanding:

  1. How do you calculate the test statistic for a hypothesis test on a population proportion?
  2. What steps are involved in determining if the test statistic falls within the rejection region?
  3. What are Type I and Type II errors in hypothesis testing, and how do they relate to the significance level?
  4. How would this hypothesis test change if it were a right-tailed test instead?
  5. What practical significance would rejecting the null hypothesis have in this context?

Tip: Always double-check your zz-table or calculator to ensure you’re using the correct critical value for the desired confidence level.

Ask a new question for Free

By Image

Drop file here or Click Here to upload

Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Hypothesis Testing
Population Proportion
Critical Value
Significance Level

Formulas

z = (p̂ - p) / sqrt((p(1 - p)) / n)

Theorems

Central Limit Theorem
Properties of the Standard Normal Distribution

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12, College Introductory Statistics