The relationship between $f(x)$ and $g(x) = f(x + 1)$ involves a horizontal shift. Specifically, the function $g(x) = f(x + 1)$ shifts the graph of $f(x)$ to the left by 1 unit.

This is because adding 1 inside the function (next to $x$) causes the graph to shift left, not right. To understand this, consider that $g(x)$ takes the same output as $f(x)$, but happens one unit earlier along the x-axis, which means every point is moved left.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

C. The graph of the function $f(x)$ is translated left 1 unit to produce $g(x)$.

Would you like more details on graph translations, or do you have any questions?

Here are some related questions to deepen your understanding:

1. What happens if the function is $g(x) = f(x - 2)$?
2. How does a vertical translation differ from a horizontal translation?
3. What does the graph of $f(x - 3)$ look like in comparison to $f(x)$?
4. How would you describe the transformation for $g(x) = f(x) + 4$?
5. If $g(x) = -f(x)$, what kind of transformation occurs?

Tip: A transformation inside the parentheses of a function (affecting $x$) moves the graph horizontally, while a transformation outside moves it vertically.