Math Problem Statement

Given two geometry problems involving congruence and parallel lines with specified conditions in a right triangle and a quadrilateral, provide proofs for the stated parts.

Solution

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Problems Translation and Interpretation:

Bài 1:

Given a triangle ΔABC\Delta ABC with A=90\angle A = 90^\circ, let MM and NN be the midpoints of ACAC and ABAB, respectively.
a) Prove that BM=CNBM = CN.
b) Let II be the intersection of BMBM and CNCN. Prove:

  • ΔIBN=ΔICM\Delta IBN = \Delta ICM
  • ΔIBC\Delta IBC is isosceles.

Bài 2:

For the given diagram:

  • ADB=BCA=90\angle ADB = \angle BCA = 90^\circ, AD=BCAD = BC.
    Prove:
    a) ΔADI=ΔBCI\Delta ADI = \Delta BCI.
    b) ABCDAB \parallel CD.

Let me solve these problems step by step.


Solution:


Bài 1:

a) Prove BM=CNBM = CN:

  1. Since MM and NN are midpoints, we have:

    • AM=MC=12ACAM = MC = \frac{1}{2}AC
    • AN=NB=12ABAN = NB = \frac{1}{2}AB
  2. In ΔABC\Delta ABC (right triangle):

    • By the Pythagorean theorem:
      AB2+AC2=BC2AB^2 + AC^2 = BC^2.
  3. Using the midpoint theorem:
    The medians BMBM and CNCN divide ΔABC\Delta ABC into congruent halves:

    • BMBM and CNCN are symmetric, and since ΔABC\Delta ABC is right-angled, BM=CNBM = CN.

b) Prove ΔIBN=ΔICM\Delta IBN = \Delta ICM:

  1. Since II is the intersection point of BMBM and CNCN, we consider the triangles ΔIBN\Delta IBN and ΔICM\Delta ICM.

  2. Both triangles share:

    • IBN=ICM\angle IBN = \angle ICM (opposite angles at II).
    • BN=CMBN = CM (from part a).
    • BI=CIBI = CI (since II is the intersection point, and medians divide the triangles symmetrically).
  3. By the SAS criterion, ΔIBN=ΔICM\Delta IBN = \Delta ICM.


Prove ΔIBC\Delta IBC is isosceles:

  1. In ΔIBC\Delta IBC, from part b:
    • BI=CIBI = CI, so ΔIBC\Delta IBC is isoscel

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Congruence of Triangles
Midpoint Theorem
Parallel Lines in Geometry

Formulas

Pythagorean Theorem: a^2 + b^2 = c^2
Properties of Medians in a Triangle
Criteria for Congruence: SAS (Side-Angle-Side)

Theorems

Pythagorean Theorem
Midpoint Theorem
Criteria for Congruence of Triangles

Suitable Grade Level

Grade 9-10