Math Problem Statement

Find the zeros and end behavior for the function y = (x - 2)(x + 3)^2(x + 1)^3.

Solution

Let's break down the given function y=(x2)(x+3)2(x+1)3y = (x - 2)(x + 3)^2(x + 1)^3 to find the zeros and the end behavior.

1. Zeros of the function:

Zeros of a function occur where y=0y = 0, i.e., where any factor of the function equals zero.

  • From (x2)(x - 2), the zero is x=2x = 2.
  • From (x+3)2(x + 3)^2, the zero is x=3x = -3, with multiplicity 2 (since it's squared).
  • From (x+1)3(x + 1)^3, the zero is x=1x = -1, with multiplicity 3 (since it's cubed).

Thus, the zeros of the function are: x=2,3,1x = 2, -3, -1

The multiplicities are important in determining how the graph behaves near each zero:

  • x=2x = 2 has multiplicity 1, so the graph crosses the x-axis here.
  • x=3x = -3 has multiplicity 2, so the graph touches the x-axis and turns around (the zero is of even multiplicity).
  • x=1x = -1 has multiplicity 3, so the graph crosses the x-axis but flattens at this point (the zero is of odd multiplicity greater than 1).

2. End behavior:

To determine the end behavior, we analyze the degree of the polynomial and its leading term.

  • The degree of the polynomial is the sum of the powers of all the factors: 1 (from (x2))+2 (from (x+3)2)+3 (from (x+1)3)=61 \ (\text{from } (x - 2)) + 2 \ (\text{from } (x + 3)^2) + 3 \ (\text{from } (x + 1)^3) = 6 So, the polynomial is degree 6, which is an even degree.
  • The leading term of the polynomial (ignoring constants) will be x6x^6, since each factor contributes to the highest power of xx.
  • Since the leading term is x6x^6, which is positive and even, the end behavior of the function is:
    • As x+x \to +\infty, y+y \to +\infty
    • As xx \to -\infty, y+y \to +\infty

Thus, the end behavior is:

  • As xx \to \infty, yy \to \infty
  • As xx \to -\infty, yy \to \infty

Final Answer:

  • The zeros are x=2,3,1x = 2, -3, -1.
  • The end behavior is: as xx \to \infty, yy \to \infty; as xx \to -\infty, yy \to \infty.

Would you like more details or have any questions on this? Here are some related questions for further exploration:

  1. How does the multiplicity of a zero affect the graph at that point?
  2. What would the graph look like near x=1x = -1 and x=3x = -3?
  3. How do we factor polynomials of higher degree when given in standard form?
  4. How does the leading coefficient affect the end behavior of a polynomial?
  5. Can you explain the difference in end behavior between even-degree and odd-degree polynomials?

Tip: Always check the multiplicity of zeros to understand how the graph interacts with the x-axis at each root.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Algebra
Polynomial Functions
Zeros
End Behavior

Formulas

Zeros of a function occur where y = 0
End behavior is determined by the degree and leading term of the polynomial

Theorems

Multiplicity of zeros affects how the graph behaves at the x-axis
End behavior of polynomials depends on the degree and leading term

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12