Math Problem Statement

In the xy-plane, a line with equation 2y = c for some constant c intersects a parabola at exactly one point. If the parabola has equation y = -2x^2 + 9x, what is the value of c?

Solution

We are given two equations in the problem:

  1. The line: 2y=c2y = c, where cc is a constant.
  2. The parabola: y=2x2+9xy = -2x^2 + 9x.

The goal is to find the value of cc such that the line and the parabola intersect at exactly one point.

Step 1: Express the line equation in terms of yy

From the equation 2y=c2y = c, solve for yy:

y=c2y = \frac{c}{2}

Step 2: Set the equations equal to each other

Since both equations describe yy, set the right-hand side of the parabola equal to the right-hand side of the line equation:

2x2+9x=c2-2x^2 + 9x = \frac{c}{2}

Multiply both sides of the equation by 2 to eliminate the fraction:

4x2+18x=c-4x^2 + 18x = c

Step 3: Rearrange the equation

Rearrange the equation into a standard quadratic form:

4x2+18xc=0-4x^2 + 18x - c = 0

Step 4: Use the condition for exactly one intersection

For the line to intersect the parabola at exactly one point, the quadratic equation must have exactly one solution. This happens when the discriminant is zero. The discriminant Δ\Delta for a quadratic equation ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0 is given by:

Δ=b24ac\Delta = b^2 - 4ac

Here, the quadratic equation is:

4x2+18xc=0-4x^2 + 18x - c = 0

Thus, a=4a = -4, b=18b = 18, and c=cc = -c. The discriminant is:

Δ=1824(4)(c)\Delta = 18^2 - 4(-4)(-c)

Simplifying:

Δ=32416c\Delta = 324 - 16c

Set the discriminant equal to zero for exactly one solution:

32416c=0324 - 16c = 0

Step 5: Solve for cc

16c=32416c = 324

c=32416c = \frac{324}{16}

c=20.25c = 20.25

Thus, the value of cc is 20.2520.25.

Would you like further explanation on any step? Here are some related questions for further exploration:

  1. How does the discriminant determine the number of solutions to a quadratic equation?
  2. What happens if the discriminant is positive or negative?
  3. How do we handle cases where the intersection results in two points instead of one?
  4. Can this method be extended to other types of curves, such as ellipses or hyperbolas?
  5. How would the result change if the line equation was different, such as y=cy = c?

Tip: When solving systems of equations with parabolas, always consider the discriminant for determining the nature of intersections!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Algebra
Quadratic Equations
Parabolas
Lines

Formulas

Discriminant of a quadratic equation
y = ax^2 + bx + c

Theorems

Quadratic discriminant condition (b^2 - 4ac = 0 for one solution)

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12