Math Problem Statement

Find the possible root of x³ - 2x²-5x+6=0 using the newton raphson method

Solution

To find a root of the equation x32x25x+6=0x^3 - 2x^2 - 5x + 6 = 0 using the Newton-Raphson method, follow these steps:

  1. Define the function and its derivative: Let f(x)=x32x25x+6f(x) = x^3 - 2x^2 - 5x + 6. The derivative of f(x)f(x) is f(x)=3x24x5f'(x) = 3x^2 - 4x - 5.

  2. Newton-Raphson iteration formula: The Newton-Raphson iteration formula is: xn+1=xnf(xn)f(xn)x_{n+1} = x_n - \frac{f(x_n)}{f'(x_n)}

  3. Choose an initial guess: We need an initial guess, x0x_0. Let's start with x0=2x_0 = 2.

  4. Iterate until convergence: We perform iterations until the values converge to a desired level of accuracy.

First iteration:

x0=2x_0 = 2 f(2)=2322252+6=8810+6=4f(2) = 2^3 - 2 \cdot 2^2 - 5 \cdot 2 + 6 = 8 - 8 - 10 + 6 = -4 f(2)=322425=1285=1f'(2) = 3 \cdot 2^2 - 4 \cdot 2 - 5 = 12 - 8 - 5 = -1 x1=x0f(x0)f(x0)=241=24=2x_1 = x_0 - \frac{f(x_0)}{f'(x_0)} = 2 - \frac{-4}{-1} = 2 - 4 = -2

Second iteration:

x1=2x_1 = -2 f(2)=(2)32(2)25(2)+6=88+10+6=0f(-2) = (-2)^3 - 2(-2)^2 - 5(-2) + 6 = -8 - 8 + 10 + 6 = 0 f(2)=3(2)24(2)5=12+85=15f'(-2) = 3(-2)^2 - 4(-2) - 5 = 12 + 8 - 5 = 15 x2=x1f(x1)f(x1)=2015=2x_2 = x_1 - \frac{f(x_1)}{f'(x_1)} = -2 - \frac{0}{15} = -2

We see that x1=2x_1 = -2 yields f(2)=0f(-2) = 0, indicating that x=2x = -2 is a root of the equation.

Verification:

Substitute x=2x = -2 back into the original equation: (2)32(2)25(2)+6=88+10+6=0(-2)^3 - 2(-2)^2 - 5(-2) + 6 = -8 - 8 + 10 + 6 = 0 Thus, x=2x = -2 is indeed a root.

Conclusion:

The root found using the Newton-Raphson method is x=2x = -2.

Would you like more details on any of these steps, or do you have any questions?

Here are 8 related questions that expand on this information:

  1. Can the Newton-Raphson method find all roots of a polynomial equation?
  2. What are the conditions for the Newton-Raphson method to converge?
  3. How can we choose a good initial guess for the Newton-Raphson method?
  4. Are there any cases where the Newton-Raphson method might fail?
  5. Can we use the Newton-Raphson method for non-polynomial equations?
  6. How does the rate of convergence for the Newton-Raphson method compare to other methods?
  7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Newton-Raphson method compared to the fixed point iteration method?
  8. Can the Newton-Raphson method be used for complex roots?

Tip: The Newton-Raphson method converges quadratically near a root, making it very efficient. However, a poor initial guess can lead to divergence or convergence to a different root.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Root finding
Newton-Raphson method
Polynomial equations

Formulas

Newton-Raphson iteration formula

Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

Advanced High School