Math Problem Statement

If n(B) = 7, n(A ∩ B) = 5 and n(A ∪ B) = 26, what is n(A)?

Solution

The problem you're working on involves set theory, specifically the union and intersection of two sets AA and BB. Here's a breakdown of the provided information:

  • n(B)=7n(B) = 7 (the number of elements in set BB),
  • n(AB)=5n(A \cap B) = 5 (the number of elements in the intersection of sets AA and BB),
  • n(AB)=26n(A \cup B) = 26 (the number of elements in the union of sets AA and BB).

You're asked to find n(A)n(A) (the number of elements in set AA).

We can use the following formula for the union of two sets:

n(AB)=n(A)+n(B)n(AB)n(A \cup B) = n(A) + n(B) - n(A \cap B)

Now, substituting the given values into the equation:

26=n(A)+7526 = n(A) + 7 - 5

Simplifying the equation:

26=n(A)+226 = n(A) + 2

Now, solving for n(A)n(A):

n(A)=262=24n(A) = 26 - 2 = 24

Thus, n(A)=24n(A) = 24.

Let me know if you have any further questions or would like additional details. Here are five related questions to explore this topic further:

  1. How would the result change if n(AB)n(A \cap B) were different?
  2. Can you explain why the inclusion-exclusion principle is used here?
  3. What happens if AA and BB are disjoint sets?
  4. How would you calculate n(ABC)n(A \cup B \cup C) for three sets?
  5. Can you solve for n(A)n(A) if only n(AB)n(A \cup B) and n(B)n(B) are given?

Tip: When dealing with set theory problems, always check if the sets are overlapping or disjoint, as this affects the formula you need to use.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Set Theory
Union of Sets
Intersection of Sets

Formulas

n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) - n(A ∩ B)

Theorems

Inclusion-Exclusion Principle

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-12