Math Problem Statement

If n(A ∪ B) = 101, n(B) = 74, and n(A ∩ B) = 47, what is n(A)? (Enter answer as a whole number)

Solution

We are given the following information:

  • n(AB)=101n(A \cup B) = 101
  • n(B)=74n(B) = 74
  • n(AB)=47n(A \cap B) = 47

We are asked to find n(A)n(A), the number of elements in set AA.

To solve this, we use the principle of inclusion-exclusion:

n(AB)=n(A)+n(B)n(AB)n(A \cup B) = n(A) + n(B) - n(A \cap B)

Substituting the known values:

101=n(A)+7447101 = n(A) + 74 - 47

Simplifying:

101=n(A)+27101 = n(A) + 27

Now, solve for n(A)n(A):

n(A)=10127n(A) = 101 - 27

n(A)=74n(A) = 74

So, the number of elements in set AA is 74\boxed{74}.


Would you like further clarification or examples? Here are a few related questions:

  1. What is the formula for the union of two sets?
  2. How do you interpret the intersection of two sets in a Venn diagram?
  3. If n(AB)=n(A)+n(B)n(A \cup B) = n(A) + n(B), what does this imply about AA and BB?
  4. Can you calculate n(ABc)n(A \cap B^c), the number of elements in AA but not in BB?
  5. How would you calculate n(AB)n(A \cup B) if you know the cardinalities of AA and BB but not their intersection?

Tip: The principle of inclusion-exclusion helps avoid double-counting when calculating the union of two sets.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Set Theory
Inclusion-Exclusion Principle

Formulas

n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) - n(A ∩ B)

Theorems

Principle of Inclusion-Exclusion

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 8-10