Math Problem Statement

A boy was adding natural numbers from 1 to n. By mistake, he missed a number. If the average of the remaining numbers was 33 9/13 find the number that he missed

Solution

Let's solve this problem step by step.

Step 1: Understand the Sum and Average of Natural Numbers from 1 to nn

The sum of the first nn natural numbers is given by: Sn=n(n+1)2S_n = \frac{n(n+1)}{2} The average of these nn numbers would be: Average=Snn=n(n+1)2n=n+12\text{Average} = \frac{S_n}{n} = \frac{\frac{n(n+1)}{2}}{n} = \frac{n+1}{2}

Step 2: Set up the Equation

Let’s denote the missed number by mm. The boy calculated the sum without including mm, so the sum he actually computed was: SnmS_n - m Since he averaged the remaining n1n - 1 numbers and got 3391333 \frac{9}{13} (or 43813\frac{438}{13}), we set up the equation: Snmn1=43813\frac{S_n - m}{n - 1} = \frac{438}{13}

Step 3: Substitute Sn=n(n+1)2S_n = \frac{n(n+1)}{2}

Substitute the expression for SnS_n: n(n+1)2mn1=43813\frac{\frac{n(n+1)}{2} - m}{n - 1} = \frac{438}{13}

Step 4: Clear the Denominator by Cross Multiplying

Multiply both sides by 13(n1)13(n - 1) to eliminate the fraction: 13(n(n+1)2m)=438(n1)13 \left(\frac{n(n+1)}{2} - m\right) = 438(n - 1)

Step 5: Solve for nn and mm Based on Additional Details

Given that the average without mm is close to 33, we infer that nn would likely be close to 66

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Arithmetic Sequences
Averages
Natural Numbers

Formulas

Sum of first n natural numbers: S_n = n(n+1)/2
Average formula: Average = Sum / Number of terms

Theorems

Properties of Arithmetic Sequences

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-11