Math Problem Statement

Tangents $\text DE$ and $\text DF$ are drawn to a circle from an external point $\text D$. The angle $\angle DFE = 50 \degree$. A chord $\text GH$ is drawn parallel to the tangent $\text DE$. Find the measure of $\angle GDF$. 

Solution

We are given a circle with the following information:

  • DEDE and DFDF are tangents from an external point DD to the circle.
  • DFE=50\angle DFE = 50^\circ.
  • A chord GHGH is drawn parallel to the tangent DEDE. We are tasked with finding the measure of GDF\angle GDF.

Step 1: Properties of the tangents and the angle DFE\angle DFE

From the properties of tangents, we know that the tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal in length. Therefore, DE=DFDE = DF. Additionally, since DEDE and DFDF are tangents, DEF\angle DEF is an isosceles triangle.

Now, DFE=50\angle DFE = 50^\circ. By symmetry of the tangents, DFE=DEF\angle DFE = \angle DEF, so:

DEF=50.\angle DEF = 50^\circ.

Thus, the total angle at the external point DD is:

EDF=180(DFE+DEF)=180(50+50)=80.\angle EDF = 180^\circ - \left( \angle DFE + \angle DEF \right) = 180^\circ - (50^\circ + 50^\circ) = 80^\circ.

Step 2: Parallel lines and the angle GDF\angle GDF

We are given that the chord GHGH is parallel to the tangent DEDE. Using the fact that tangents and parallel lines create alternate interior angles, we can say that:

GDF=DEF=50.\angle GDF = \angle DEF = 50^\circ.

Conclusion:

The measure of GDF\angle GDF is 50\boxed{50^\circ}.


Would you like further details or have any questions? Here are some related questions to deepen your understanding:

  1. What are the properties of tangents to a circle?
  2. How do we prove that tangents drawn from an external point are equal?
  3. What is the relationship between parallel lines and alternate interior angles?
  4. Can you explain why EDF\angle EDF is 80° in this problem?
  5. How would the answer change if GHGH were not parallel to DEDE?

Tip: When working with tangents and circles, remember that angles formed by tangents and chords often involve symmetrical relationships and alternate angle properties.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Geometry
Circle Theorems
Tangents
Angles

Formulas

Sum of angles in a triangle = 180°
Alternate interior angles between parallel lines

Theorems

Tangents from a common external point are equal
Alternate Interior Angle Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12