Math Problem Statement

Find the line that intersects the line ⟨1 + t, 2 − 3t, 2t⟩ perpendicularly and lies in the plane x + y − 3z = −1

Solution

We are tasked with finding a line that intersects the line given by the parametric equation:

1+t,23t,2t\langle 1 + t, 2 - 3t, 2t \rangle

perpendicularly and lies in the plane x+y3z=1x + y - 3z = -1.

Steps:

1. Line's Direction Vector

The parametric line can be expressed as:

x=1+t,y=23t,z=2tx = 1 + t, \quad y = 2 - 3t, \quad z = 2t

This line has a direction vector given by the coefficients of tt in each equation:

d1=1,3,2\mathbf{d_1} = \langle 1, -3, 2 \rangle

2. Perpendicular Condition

The line we are looking for must intersect this line perpendicularly. Let the direction vector of the line we are looking for be d2=a,b,c\mathbf{d_2} = \langle a, b, c \rangle. Since the two lines are perpendicular, their direction vectors must satisfy the dot product condition:

d1d2=0\mathbf{d_1} \cdot \mathbf{d_2} = 0

This gives:

1a + (-3)b + 2c = 0 \quad \text{or} \quad a - 3b + 2c = 0 \tag{1}

3. Plane Condition

The line we are looking for must also lie in the plane x+y3z=1x + y - 3z = -1. Any point (x0,y0,z0)(x_0, y_0, z_0) on this line must satisfy the plane equation. Suppose the line passes through the point (x0,y0,z0)(x_0, y_0, z_0), then:

x_0 + y_0 - 3z_0 = -1 \tag{2}

4. Intersection with the Given Line

At the point of intersection, the coordinates of the line 1+t,23t,2t\langle 1 + t, 2 - 3t, 2t \rangle must equal the coordinates of the line we are looking for, say (x0,y0,z0)(x_0, y_0, z_0).

Thus, at the intersection point, we set:

x0=1+t,y0=23t,z0=2tx_0 = 1 + t, \quad y_0 = 2 - 3t, \quad z_0 = 2t

Now, let's solve the system of equations involving conditions (1) and (2) and the fact that the two lines intersect.


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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Linear Algebra
Parametric Equations
Dot Product
Planes in 3D Space

Formulas

Parametric equation of a line: x = x0 + at, y = y0 + bt, z = z0 + ct
Dot product condition for perpendicularity: d1 ⋅ d2 = 0
Plane equation: ax + by + cz = d

Theorems

Dot Product Perpendicularity Condition

Suitable Grade Level

College Level