Math Problem Statement

A man wandering in the desert walks 5.7 miles in the direction S 26 degrees W. He then turns 90 degrees and walks 9 miles in the direction N 49 degrees W. At that time, how far is he from his starting point, and what is his bearing from his starting point?

Solution

To find the man's distance from the starting point and his bearing, we can model his path as a vector problem. Here's a step-by-step solution:

Step 1: Represent the displacements as vectors.

We first break down each leg of his journey into horizontal (x) and vertical (y) components using trigonometry.

First leg: 5.7 miles in the direction S 26WS \ 26^\circ W

This means he is walking 26° west of due south.

  • The horizontal component (west direction) is: x1=5.7×sin(26)x_1 = 5.7 \times \sin(26^\circ)
  • The vertical component (south direction) is: y1=5.7×cos(26)y_1 = 5.7 \times \cos(26^\circ) Since this is towards the south, we treat y1y_1 as negative.

Second leg: 9 miles in the direction N 49WN \ 49^\circ W

This means he is walking 49° west of due north.

  • The horizontal component (west direction) is: x2=9×sin(49)x_2 = 9 \times \sin(49^\circ)
  • The vertical component (north direction) is: y2=9×cos(49)y_2 = 9 \times \cos(49^\circ) Since this is towards the north, we treat y2y_2 as positive.

Step 2: Calculate the total displacement.

Now, add up the horizontal and vertical components to get the total displacement.

  • Total horizontal displacement: xtotal=x1+x2x_{\text{total}} = x_1 + x_2
  • Total vertical displacement: ytotal=y1+y2y_{\text{total}} = -y_1 + y_2

Step 3: Find the distance from the starting point.

The total distance is the magnitude of the resultant vector, given by: d=xtotal2+ytotal2d = \sqrt{x_{\text{total}}^2 + y_{\text{total}}^2}

Step 4: Find the bearing.

The bearing is the angle θ\theta measured clockwise from the north direction, calculated using: θ=tan1(xtotalytotal)\theta = \tan^{-1} \left( \frac{|x_{\text{total}}|}{|y_{\text{total}}|} \right) Once you have θ\theta, adjust it to find the correct bearing based on the quadrant of the resultant vector.

Let's now compute these values.The man is approximately 9.32 miles from his starting point. His bearing from the starting point is about 85.1985.19^\circ west of north (or approximately N85.19WN 85.19^\circ W).

Would you like more details, or do you have any questions?

Here are some related questions you might find interesting:

  1. How do you convert from Cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates?
  2. What is the significance of the angle direction in bearings?
  3. How would the path change if the man walked due west instead of turning?
  4. How can vector addition be used to solve more complex navigation problems?
  5. How would the solution change if we used kilometers instead of miles?

Tip: Always make sure to check the quadrant when calculating angles to get the correct bearing.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Trigonometry
Vector Addition
Bearings
Pythagorean Theorem

Formulas

x = d * sin(θ)
y = d * cos(θ)
Distance = √(x_total^2 + y_total^2)
Bearing = tan^(-1)(|x_total| / |y_total|)

Theorems

Pythagorean Theorem
Trigonometric Identities

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12