Math Problem Statement

The population of the village of Brigethville, Florida has been observed to grow exponentially. The table shows the population for a six year period beginning in 2016.

Year 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Population 790 894 1054 1267 1477 1884

Find an exponential equation that best fits the data above.

Solution

To find an exponential equation that best fits the data, we need to model the population P(t)P(t) of Brigethville as a function of time tt. The general form of an exponential growth equation is:

P(t)=P0ektP(t) = P_0 \cdot e^{kt}

Where:

  • P(t)P(t) is the population at time tt (in years since 2016),
  • P0P_0 is the initial population (at t=0t = 0, i.e., the year 2016),
  • kk is the growth rate,
  • tt is the number of years since 2016.

Steps to find the equation:

  1. Identify initial values:

    • From the table, the initial population in 2016 is P0=790P_0 = 790.
    • t=0t = 0 corresponds to 2016, so for 2017, t=1t = 1, for 2018, t=2t = 2, etc.
  2. Choose two points to solve for kk: Let's pick the population values for 2016 (t=0t = 0) and 2021 (t=5t = 5) for simplicity.

    • In 2016, P(0)=790P(0) = 790,
    • In 2021, P(5)=1884P(5) = 1884.
  3. Set up the equation for 2021: 1884=790e5k1884 = 790 \cdot e^{5k}

  4. Solve for kk: Divide both sides by 790: 1884790=e5k\frac{1884}{790} = e^{5k}

    2.3848=e5k2.3848 = e^{5k}

    Take the natural logarithm (ln) of both sides: ln(2.3848)=5k\ln(2.3848) = 5k

    k=ln(2.3848)5=0.868950.1738k = \frac{\ln(2.3848)}{5} = \frac{0.8689}{5} \approx 0.1738

  5. Write the exponential equation: Now that we know P0=790P_0 = 790 and k0.1738k \approx 0.1738, the exponential equation is: P(t)=790e0.1738tP(t) = 790 \cdot e^{0.1738t}

This equation models the population growth of Brigethville from 2016 onward.

Would you like me to verify the fit of this equation using other data points or explain the calculation steps further?

Related Questions:

  1. How can you predict the population for a future year, say 2025, using this equation?
  2. What does the growth rate kk represent in real-world terms?
  3. How would the equation change if the population grew at a slower or faster rate?
  4. Can you calculate the population doubling time based on the growth rate?
  5. How does the exponential growth model compare to a linear growth model for this data?

Tip:

When modeling data with exponential growth, using logarithmic transformations can make it easier to find the growth rate.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Exponential Growth
Algebra
Mathematical Modeling

Formulas

Exponential growth equation: P(t) = P_0 * e^(kt)
Growth rate formula: k = ln(P(t) / P_0) / t

Theorems

Properties of Exponential Functions
Natural Logarithm Properties

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-12