Math Problem Statement

Evaluate the line integral ∫_C 3xy^6 ds, where C is the right half of the circle x^2 + y^2 = 9.

Solution

The problem you have provided asks to evaluate the line integral:

C3xy6ds\int_C 3xy^6 \, ds

where CC represents the right half of the circle defined by the equation x2+y2=9x^2 + y^2 = 9.

Step-by-step solution:

  1. Parameterize the Curve CC: The equation x2+y2=9x^2 + y^2 = 9 represents a circle with a radius of 3 centered at the origin. The right half of this circle corresponds to the semicircle where x0x \geq 0. We can parameterize the curve using:

    x=3cost,y=3sintx = 3 \cos t, \quad y = 3 \sin t for t[π2,π2]t \in \left[-\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{\pi}{2}\right], as these values describe the right half of the circle.

  2. Compute dsds: The differential arc length dsds is given by:

    ds=(dxdt)2+(dydt)2dtds = \sqrt{\left( \frac{dx}{dt} \right)^2 + \left( \frac{dy}{dt} \right)^2} \, dt

    First, calculate the derivatives of x(t)x(t) and y(t)y(t):

    dxdt=3sint,dydt=3cost\frac{dx}{dt} = -3 \sin t, \quad \frac{dy}{dt} = 3 \cos t

    Now compute dsds:

    ds=(3sint)2+(3cost)2dt=9sin2t+9cos2tdt=9dt=3dtds = \sqrt{(-3 \sin t)^2 + (3 \cos t)^2} \, dt = \sqrt{9 \sin^2 t + 9 \cos^2 t} \, dt = \sqrt{9} \, dt = 3 \, dt

  3. Substitute into the Line Integral: Now, we substitute the parameterized values of xx, yy, and dsds into the integral. The function inside the integral becomes:

    3xy6=3(3cost)(3sint)6=33cost729sin6t=6561costsin6t3xy^6 = 3(3 \cos t)(3 \sin t)^6 = 3 \cdot 3 \cos t \cdot 729 \sin^6 t = 6561 \cos t \sin^6 t

    The integral becomes:

    C3xy6ds=π2π26561costsin6t3dt\int_C 3xy^6 \, ds = \int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 6561 \cos t \sin^6 t \cdot 3 \, dt

    Simplify:

    =19683π2π2costsin6tdt= 19683 \int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cos t \sin^6 t \, dt

  4. Evaluate the Integral: The integral π2π2costsin6tdt\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cos t \sin^6 t \, dt can be solved using the symmetry of the integrand. Since costsin6t\cos t \sin^6 t is an odd function, the integral over the symmetric limits from π2-\frac{\pi}{2} to π2\frac{\pi}{2} is 0.

Thus, the value of the line integral is:

0\boxed{0}

If you have any questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask!


Here are some related questions that could help expand your understanding of this topic:

  1. How does the symmetry of a function affect the value of an integral over symmetric limits?
  2. What is the geometric interpretation of a line integral?
  3. How do you parameterize curves in different coordinate systems, such as polar coordinates?
  4. What is the significance of using odd and even functions in integrals?
  5. How do you evaluate line integrals over closed curves?

Tip: When working with line integrals, always check the symmetry of the curve and the integrand, as it can simplify the calculation significantly.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Line integrals
Curve parameterization
Symmetry in integrals
Trigonometric substitution

Formulas

x = 3cos(t), y = 3sin(t)
ds = sqrt((dx/dt)^2 + (dy/dt)^2) dt
Integral of odd functions over symmetric limits: ∫_(-a)^a f(x) dx = 0 if f(x) is odd

Theorems

Line integral over a scalar field
Odd function property in definite integrals

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12, Undergraduate Calculus