Math Problem Statement

Evaluate the following limits: 1. lim(x→3+) 2/(x-3), 2. lim(x→5) 2/(x-5)^3, 3. lim(x→-7) 1/(x^2(x+7)), 4. lim(x→5) 2/(x-5)^6

Solution

Let's evaluate the limits step by step:

1. limx3+2x3\lim_{x \to 3^+} \frac{2}{x - 3}

This is a one-sided limit as xx approaches 33 from the right (x3+x \to 3^+).

  • As x3+x \to 3^+, x3x - 3 approaches 00 from the positive side, meaning x3>0x - 3 > 0.
  • Therefore, the fraction 2x3\frac{2}{x - 3} grows without bound, and the limit is positive infinity.

limx3+2x3=\lim_{x \to 3^+} \frac{2}{x - 3} = \infty


2. limx52(x5)3\lim_{x \to 5} \frac{2}{(x - 5)^3}

Here, xx is approaching 5.

  • As x5x \to 5, x5x - 5 approaches 0. The cube, (x5)3(x - 5)^3, will be a very small number but retains the sign of x5x - 5.

  • Since the cube of a small negative number is still negative and of a small positive number is positive, the limit will depend on whether we approach 5 from the right or left.

    • If x5+x \to 5^+ (from the right), (x5)3>0(x - 5)^3 > 0 and hence 2(x5)3\frac{2}{(x - 5)^3} \to \infty.
    • If x5x \to 5^- (from the left), (x5)3<0(x - 5)^3 < 0 and hence 2(x5)3\frac{2}{(x - 5)^3} \to -\infty.

So the overall limit does not exist because the left and right limits do not agree. Thus, the limit is:

limx52(x5)3=DNE (Does Not Exist)\lim_{x \to 5} \frac{2}{(x - 5)^3} = \text{DNE (Does Not Exist)}


3. limx71x2(x+7)\lim_{x \to -7} \frac{1}{x^2(x + 7)}

  • As x7x \to -7, notice that x+70x + 7 \to 0.

  • The term x2x^2 does not approach 0 since x2x^2 is always positive for any real xx, and at x=7x = -7, x2=49x^2 = 49.

  • So, the function behaves like 1490\frac{1}{49 \cdot 0}, which suggests that the limit is infinite.

  • More precisely, as x7x \to -7, x+7x + 7 approaches 0 from either side, but since x2x^2 is positive, the sign of the result is determined by x+7x + 7:

    • From the left (x7x \to -7^-), x+7x + 7 is negative, so the limit approaches -\infty.
    • From the right (x7+x \to -7^+), x+7x + 7 is positive, so the limit approaches ++\infty.

Thus, the limit does not exist because of the differing signs.

limx71x2(x+7)=DNE (Does Not Exist)\lim_{x \to -7} \frac{1}{x^2(x + 7)} = \text{DNE (Does Not Exist)}


4. limx52(x5)6\lim_{x \to 5} \frac{2}{(x - 5)^6}

  • As x5x \to 5, (x5)6(x - 5)^6 approaches 0.
  • Since (x5)6(x - 5)^6 is always positive (even for values close to 5), the fraction 2(x5)6\frac{2}{(x - 5)^6} tends to \infty.

limx52(x5)6=\lim_{x \to 5} \frac{2}{(x - 5)^6} = \infty


Summary of Results:

  1. \infty
  2. DNE\text{DNE}
  3. DNE\text{DNE}
  4. \infty

Would you like further clarification or a more detailed explanation on any of these? Here are five questions to expand on this topic:

  1. How do one-sided limits differ from two-sided limits?
  2. What are common techniques to evaluate limits involving infinity?
  3. How does the behavior of even and odd powers of a variable near 0 affect limits?
  4. Can limits that result in infinity be classified as existing or not existing?
  5. How would adding or multiplying terms change the evaluation of these limits?

Tip: When dealing with limits approaching a value where the denominator tends to zero, always consider the sign of the terms near the limit to determine the behavior (positive or negative infinity).

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Limits
Infinity
Indeterminate Forms

Formulas

lim(x→a) f(x)/g(x)
lim(x→a^+) and lim(x→a^-)
lim(x→a) (x^n)
1/(x-5)^n for n = 3 or 6

Theorems

One-sided limits
Polynomial limits
Behavior of even/odd powers near 0

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12 or early university calculus