Math Problem Statement

\int \frac{\ln x+1}{(\ln x)^2(1+x\ln x)}\mathrm{d}x

Solution

To evaluate the integral lnx+1(lnx)2(1+xlnx)dx\int \frac{\ln x + 1}{(\ln x)^2 (1 + x \ln x)} \, \mathrm{d}x, we can use a substitution method. Let's proceed step by step.

First, let u=lnxu = \ln x. Then, du=1xdxdu = \frac{1}{x} \, dx, and therefore dx=xdu=eududx = x \, du = e^u \, du.

Rewrite the integral in terms of uu: x=eux = e^u lnx=u\ln x = u dx=eududx = e^u \, du

Now substitute these into the integral: u+1u2(1+euu)eudu\int \frac{u + 1}{u^2 (1 + e^u u)} e^u \, du

Simplify the integrand: u+1u2(1+ueu)eudu=u+1u2(ueu+1)eudu\int \frac{u + 1}{u^2 (1 + u e^u)} e^u \, du = \int \frac{u + 1}{u^2 (u e^u + 1)} e^u \, du

=u+1u3eu+u2eudu=(u+1)euu3eu+u2du= \int \frac{u + 1}{u^3 e^u + u^2} e^u \, du = \int \frac{(u + 1) e^u}{u^3 e^u + u^2} \, du

=u+1u3+u2eudu= \int \frac{u + 1}{u^3 + u^2 e^{-u}} \, du

Notice that this integrand can be split into two separate integrals: =uu3+u2eudu+1u3+u2eudu= \int \frac{u}{u^3 + u^2 e^{-u}} \, du + \int \frac{1}{u^3 + u^2 e^{-u}} \, du

This still looks quite complicated. Instead of splitting, let's simplify differently by breaking the fraction: =(1u2uu(1+eu))du+(1u211+eu)du= \int \left( \frac{1}{u^2} \cdot \frac{u}{u(1 + e^{-u})} \right) \, du + \int \left( \frac{1}{u^2} \cdot \frac{1}{1 + e^{-u}} \right) \, du

=1u(1+eu)du+1u2(1+eu)du= \int \frac{1}{u(1 + e^{-u})} \, du + \int \frac{1}{u^2 (1 + e^{-u})} \, du

Both integrals are still complex. To proceed further analytically would require advanced techniques or recognizing a special function.

Another way to address it is by using numerical methods or approximation methods for more practical values.

However, we can use another substitution to simplify it more: t=lnx    dt=1xdxt = \ln x \implies dt = \frac{1}{x} dx

I=t+1t2(1+xt)xdt=t+1t2(1+ett)etdtI = \int \frac{t + 1}{t^2 (1 + x t)} x \, dt = \int \frac{t + 1}{t^2 (1 + e^t t)} e^t \, dt

In some cases, integral tables or computer algebra systems (CAS) might be required to get the exact answer.

Would you like more details or have any questions? Here are some questions for you to consider:

  1. Can you provide steps for another integral you are working on?
  2. Do you need help with a specific technique in calculus?
  3. Are there any topics in algebra or trigonometry you need clarification on?
  4. Do you want to learn more about substitution methods in integration?
  5. Is there a particular area of mathematics you're focusing on right now?

Tip: When integrating complex rational functions, always consider substitution and breaking down the integrand into simpler parts to make the integration process more manageable.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Integration
Substitution Method
Rational Functions

Formulas

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Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

Advanced Undergraduate