Math Problem Statement

Differentiate f(t) = (2 + ln t) / (2 − ln t)

Solution

To differentiate f(t)=2+lnt2lntf(t) = \frac{2 + \ln t}{2 - \ln t}, we use the quotient rule, which states:

ddt(u(t)v(t))=u(t)v(t)u(t)v(t)(v(t))2.\frac{d}{dt} \left( \frac{u(t)}{v(t)} \right) = \frac{u'(t)v(t) - u(t)v'(t)}{(v(t))^2}.

Here, u(t)=2+lntu(t) = 2 + \ln t and v(t)=2lntv(t) = 2 - \ln t.

Step 1: Differentiate u(t)u(t) and v(t)v(t)

  • u(t)=2+lnt    u(t)=1tu(t) = 2 + \ln t \implies u'(t) = \frac{1}{t}
  • v(t)=2lnt    v(t)=1tv(t) = 2 - \ln t \implies v'(t) = -\frac{1}{t}

Step 2: Apply the quotient rule

Substitute u(t),v(t),u(t),v(t)u(t), v(t), u'(t), v'(t) into the formula:

f(t)=u(t)v(t)u(t)v(t)(v(t))2.f'(t) = \frac{u'(t)v(t) - u(t)v'(t)}{(v(t))^2}.

f(t)=(1t)(2lnt)(2+lnt)(1t)(2lnt)2.f'(t) = \frac{\left(\frac{1}{t}\right)(2 - \ln t) - (2 + \ln t)\left(-\frac{1}{t}\right)}{(2 - \ln t)^2}.

Step 3: Simplify the numerator

Expand the terms in the numerator:

f(t)=2lntt+2+lntt(2lnt)2.f'(t) = \frac{\frac{2 - \ln t}{t} + \frac{2 + \ln t}{t}}{(2 - \ln t)^2}.

Combine the terms:

f(t)=2lnt+2+lntt(2lnt)2.f'(t) = \frac{\frac{2 - \ln t + 2 + \ln t}{t}}{(2 - \ln t)^2}.

f(t)=4t(2lnt)2.f'(t) = \frac{\frac{4}{t}}{(2 - \ln t)^2}.

Final Answer:

f(t)=4t(2lnt)2.f'(t) = \frac{4}{t(2 - \ln t)^2}.

Let me know if you'd like a deeper breakdown or have further questions! Here are some related queries:

  1. How does the quotient rule work in general cases?
  2. Can you differentiate other logarithmic functions like ln(ax)\ln(ax) or ln(xn)\ln(x^n)?
  3. What are the properties of logarithmic differentiation?
  4. How do we simplify more complex rational derivatives?
  5. Why is the chain rule not directly applicable here?

Tip: Always check if functions can be simplified before differentiating—it might make the process easier.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Differentiation
Quotient Rule
Logarithmic Functions

Formulas

Quotient Rule: d/dt [u(t)/v(t)] = [u'(t)v(t) - u(t)v'(t)] / [v(t)]^2
Derivative of ln(t): d/dt [ln(t)] = 1/t

Theorems

Quotient Rule

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12