Math Problem Statement
Suppose that f(x) is continuous, and f'(x) is given in the figure below.
Consider the following statements:
(i) f(x) has a local maximum at x = 1
(ii) f(x) must have a local minimum or maximum at x = 3
(iii) f(x) has a local minimum at x = -3
Determine which of the above statements are True (1) or False (2).
Solution
To solve this problem, let’s analyze each statement based on the graph of provided:
-
Statement (i): has a local maximum at
- To have a local maximum at , should change from increasing to decreasing at that point. This means would go from positive to negative as crosses 1.
- From the graph of , we see that crosses the x-axis from positive to negative at . This indicates that has a local maximum at .
- Statement (i) is True.
-
Statement (ii): must have a local minimum or maximum at
- A local minimum or maximum at would require to be zero or undefined there.
- On the graph, touches the x-axis at , meaning . However, does not change sign around ; it remains negative on both sides.
- Since there is no sign change, is not a point of local extremum for .
- Statement (ii) is False.
-
Statement (iii): has a local minimum at
- To confirm a local minimum at , should change from negative to positive as crosses -3.
- Observing the graph, crosses the x-axis from negative to positive at , indicating a local minimum for at this point.
- Statement (iii) is True.
Conclusion:
The correct answers are:
- (i) True
- (ii) False
- (iii) True
So, the answer is: 1, 2, 1
Would you like more details on any of these statements?
Follow-Up Questions:
- What would it mean for if is always positive on an interval?
- How would you identify an inflection point by looking at the graph of ?
- Why is it significant that touches but does not cross the x-axis at ?
- What additional information could we derive about from a graph of ?
- How do the critical points of relate to the zeros of ?
Tip:
When analyzing the graph of , remember that a zero crossing of with a change in sign indicates a local extremum (maximum or minimum) in .
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Math Problem Analysis
Mathematical Concepts
Calculus
Derivative
Critical Points
Local Maximum and Minimum
Formulas
f'(x) = 0 at critical points
Theorems
First Derivative Test
Suitable Grade Level
Grades 11-12