Math Problem Statement

Choose the end behavior of the graph of each polynomial function from the options provided in the image.

Solution

Let's go over the three polynomial functions from the image and analyze their end behavior based on the degree and the leading coefficient:

(a) f(x)=5x6+4x53x38x2f(x) = -5x^6 + 4x^5 - 3x^3 - 8x^2

  • Degree: The degree of this polynomial is 6 (the highest power of xx).
  • Leading coefficient: The leading coefficient is -5 (negative).
  • End behavior: For a polynomial of even degree with a negative leading coefficient:
    • As xx \to \infty, f(x)f(x) \to -\infty (falls to the right).
    • As xx \to -\infty, f(x)f(x) \to -\infty (falls to the left).

So, the graph falls to the left and falls to the right.

(b) f(x)=5x32x23x+2f(x) = -5x^3 - 2x^2 - 3x + 2

  • Degree: The degree of this polynomial is 3 (the highest power of xx).
  • Leading coefficient: The leading coefficient is -5 (negative).
  • End behavior: For a polynomial of odd degree with a negative leading coefficient:
    • As xx \to \infty, f(x)f(x) \to -\infty (falls to the right).
    • As xx \to -\infty, f(x)f(x) \to \infty (rises to the left).

So, the graph rises to the left and falls to the right.

(c) f(x)=x2(3x5)2f(x) = x^2(3x - 5)^2

  • Degree: First, we need to expand this polynomial. The degree of x2x^2 is 2, and (3x5)2(3x - 5)^2 is also degree 2, so the total degree is 4.
  • Leading coefficient: The leading term after expansion will have a positive leading coefficient (the sign of x4x^4 will be positive).
  • End behavior: For a polynomial of even degree with a positive leading coefficient:
    • As xx \to \infty, f(x)f(x) \to \infty (rises to the right).
    • As xx \to -\infty, f(x)f(x) \to \infty (rises to the left).

So, the graph rises to the left and rises to the right.


Let me know if you would like more details or have any questions! Here are some related questions for you to consider:

  1. How do odd and even degrees affect end behavior?
  2. What role does the leading coefficient play in determining the end behavior of a polynomial function?
  3. Can the graph of a polynomial with even degree ever rise on one side and fall on the other?
  4. How would the end behavior change if the leading coefficient of a polynomial function is positive?
  5. How can you determine end behavior without fully expanding a polynomial like in (c)?

Tip: Always check the highest degree term and its sign (leading coefficient) to quickly determine the end behavior of polynomials!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Polynomial Functions
End Behavior
Algebra

Formulas

End behavior of polynomials is determined by the degree and leading coefficient.
For even-degree polynomials: same behavior on both ends (either rises or falls).
For odd-degree polynomials: opposite behavior on both ends (one rises and the other falls).

Theorems

End behavior theorem for polynomials
The degree of a polynomial determines whether it rises or falls on the left or right.

Suitable Grade Level

High School (Grades 10-12)