Math Problem Statement

Find the current through Z2 using the superposition theorem in the given circuit.

Solution

The problem involves calculating the current through Z2Z_2 using the superposition theorem. Let’s solve it step-by-step:

Step 1: Identify Independent Sources

There are two independent sources in the circuit:

  1. Current source I0=0.5 0 AI_0 = 0.5\ \angle 0^\circ\ \text{A}.
  2. Voltage source Vs=20 0 VV_s = 20\ \angle 0^\circ\ \text{V}.

We will consider the effect of each source individually, while replacing the other with its internal impedance:

  • Replace the current source I0I_0 with an open circuit.
  • Replace the voltage source VsV_s with a short circuit.

Step 2: Consider the Effect of I0I_0 Alone

When VsV_s is short-circuited:

  1. Impedances:

    • Z1=5+j10 ΩZ_1 = 5 + j10\ \Omega
    • Z2=10+j20 ΩZ_2 = 10 + j20\ \Omega
    • Z3=3+j10 ΩZ_3 = 3 + j10\ \Omega
  2. Combine Z2Z_2 and Z3Z_3 in parallel: Z23=Z2Z3Z2+Z3Z_{23} = \frac{Z_2 \cdot Z_3}{Z_2 + Z_3} Substituting values: Z23=(10+j20)(3+j10)(10+j20)+(3+j10)Z_{23} = \frac{(10 + j20)(3 + j10)}{(10 + j20) + (3 + j10)} Solve this to get Z23Z_{23}.

  3. Combine Z1Z_1 and Z23Z_{23} in series to find total impedance seen by I0I_0.

  4. Use Ohm’s Law to calculate the current through Z2Z_2.


Step 3: Consider the Effect of VsV_s Alone

When I0I_0 is open-circuited:

  1. Combine impedances Z1Z_1, Z2Z_2, and Z3Z_3 as appropriate.
  2. Find the equivalent impedance seen by VsV_s.
  3. Use Ohm’s Law to calculate the current through Z2Z_2.

Step 4: Apply Superposition

Sum the contributions of the currents through Z2Z_2 from both sources to find the total current.


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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

AC Circuit Analysis
Impedance
Complex Numbers

Formulas

Ohm's Law: V = IZ
Parallel Impedance: Z_eq = (Z1 * Z2) / (Z1 + Z2)
Superposition Theorem: Sum of effects from independent sources

Theorems

Superposition Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

College-level Electrical Engineering