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The question is asking for the preparation of a cost sheet based on the provided data for XYZ Industry Ltd for the year 2023. To solve this, we will classify the expenses into categories such as prime cost, factory cost, office/admin cost, and selling & distribution cost. Here's how to proceed:

### Step 1: Prime Cost (Direct Costs)
- **Opening Stock of Raw Material**: ₹30,000
- **Add: Purchase of Raw Material**: ₹92,000
- **Less: Closing Stock of Raw Material**: ₹22,000  
  **Net Raw Material Used**: ₹(30,000 + 92,000 - 22,000) = ₹100,000
- **Direct Wages**: ₹81,000
- **Other Direct Wages**: ₹12,000  
  **Total Direct Costs (Prime Cost)**: ₹100,000 + ₹81,000 + ₹12,000 = ₹193,000

### Step 2: Factory Cost (Production Overheads)
- **Prime Cost**: ₹193,000
- **Add: Factory Overheads**:
  - Carriage Inward: ₹6,000
  - Indirect Wages: ₹9,000
  - Rent and Rates (Factory): ₹6,000
  - Indirect Consumption of Materials: ₹800
  - Depreciation on Plant and Machinery: ₹2,100
  - Other Factory Expenses: ₹6,400
  - Manager’s Remuneration for Factory: ₹600  
  **Total Factory Overheads**: ₹6,000 + ₹9,000 + ₹6,000 + ₹800 + ₹2,100 + ₹6,400 + ₹600 = ₹30,900  
  **Factory Cost**: ₹193,000 + ₹30,900 = ₹223,900

### Step 3: Office/Admin Overheads
- **Factory Cost**: ₹223,900
- **Add: Office Overheads**:
  - Rent and Rates (Office): ₹1,000
  - Depreciation on Office Furniture: ₹400
  - Office Salary: ₹2,900
  - Other Office Expenses: ₹1,100
  - Manager’s Remuneration for Office: ₹2,500  
  **Total Office Overheads**: ₹1,000 + ₹400 + ₹2,900 + ₹1,100 + ₹2,500 = ₹7,900  
  **Cost of Production**: ₹223,900 + ₹7,900 = ₹231,800

### Step 4: Selling and Distribution Overheads
- **Cost of Production**: ₹231,800
- **Add: Selling & Distribution Overheads**:
  - Salesman Salary: ₹3,000
  - Advertisement Expenses: ₹2,400
  - Carriage Outwards: ₹1,200
  - Travelling Expenses of Salesman: ₹2,100
  - Manager’s Remuneration for Selling: ₹6,500  
  **Total Selling & Distribution Overheads**: ₹3,000 + ₹2,400 + ₹1,200 + ₹2,100 + ₹6,500 = ₹15,200  
  **Total Cost**: ₹231,800 + ₹15,200 = ₹247,000

### Step 5: Profit Calculation
- **Sales**: ₹3,00,000
- **Less: Total Cost**: ₹2,47,000  
  **Profit**: ₹3,00,000 - ₹2,47,000 = ₹53,000

### Final Answer:  
The profit of XYZ Industry Ltd for the year 2023 is ₹53,000.

Would you like to know more details or have any further questions?

### Further Questions:
1. How do you calculate the net raw material used in cost accounting?
2. What is the difference between direct and indirect wages in cost accounting?
3. Why is the manager's remuneration divided into factory, office, and selling expenses?
4. What types of costs are included in factory overheads?
5. How do selling and distribution overheads affect the cost sheet?

### Tip:
In cost accounting, overheads are typically classified into different categories (factory, administrative, selling) to accurately allocate expenses and determine profit.

Prepare a cost sheet for XYZ Industry Ltd based on the provided data for the year 2023 and calculate the profit.

Learn how to prepare a detailed cost sheet for XYZ Industry Ltd for the year 2023, covering key cost accounting concepts like prime cost, factory cost, and total cost to calculate the profit. This solution provides a step-by-step breakdown of overheads and profit margins.

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